Covariates ESRD with LGIB (%) ESRD with LGIB (%) ESRD without LGIB (%) p-value
Mean Age 64.4 64.4 64.1 0.12
Female 45.2 45.2 45.0 0.87
Race
Caucasian (%) 55.1 55.1 54.9
African American (%) 35.2 35.2 35.8
Hispanic (%) 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.19
Asian (%) 4.6 4.6 4.5
Native American (%) 1.0 1.0 1.2
Others (%) 2.8 2.8 2.4
Hospital Bed size (%)
Small 14.5 14.5 15.5
Medium 27.5 27.5 26.9 0.34
Large 58.0 58.0 57.6
Hospital region (%)
Northeast 17.3 17.3 17.3
Midwest 21.6 21.6 21.6 1.00
South 41.6 41.6 41.6
West 19.5 19.5 19.5
Discharge
Routine 40.5 40.5 40.1 0.23
Skill Nursing Facility 2.8 2.8 2.7
Charlson comorbidity Index (%)
0 or 1 0.1 0.1 0.1
2 9.2 9.2 9.2 1.00
3 90.7 90.7 90.7
Insurance Type (%)
Medicare (%) 77.2 77.2 77.0
Medicaid (%) 9 9 9.2 0.65
Private (%) 10.8 10.8 10.8
Uninsured (%) 1.0 1.0 0.9
Teaching Hospital (%) 75.1 75.1 75.0 0.89
Chronic Co-morbidity
DM (%) 56.3 56.3 56.3 1.00
HTN (%) 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.99
Obesity (%) 15.2 15.2 15.2 1.00
Dyslipidemia (%) 40.1 40.1 40.2 0.91
CAD (%) 38.5 38.5 37.9 0.65
CHF (%) 36.2 36.2 36.00 0.89
PVD (%) 9.5 9.5 9.5 0.99
Tobacco Smoking (%) 23.2 23.2 23.0 0.80
Alcohol Use (%) 13.1 13.1 12.9 0.60
Blood Thinners (%) 12.5 12.5 12.5 0.99
Chronic Lung disease (%) 10.3 10.3 10.2 0.89