References:
1. Patel SD, Desai R, Patel U, et al. Thirty-Day Readmissions After
Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A National Perspective in
the United States. J Clin Gastroenterol 2019;53 (8):582-90 doi:
10.1097/MCG.0000000000001020[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
2. Lanas A, Garcia-Rodriguez LA, Polo-Tomas M, et al. Time trends and
impact of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation in
clinical practice. Am J Gastroenterol 2009;104 (7):1633-41 doi:
10.1038/ajg.2009.164[published Online First: Epub Date]|.
3. Whelan CT, Chen C, Kaboli P, Siddique J, Prochaska M, Meltzer DO.
Upper versus lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a direct comparison of
clinical presentation, outcomes, and resource utilization. J Hosp Med
2010;5 (3):141-7 doi: 10.1002/jhm.606[published Online First:
Epub Date]|.
4. Peery AF, Crockett SD, Barritt AS, et al. Burden of Gastrointestinal,
Liver, and Pancreatic Diseases in the United States. Gastroenterology
2015;149 (7):1731-41.e3 doi:
10.1053/j.gastro.2015.08.045[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
5. Trivedi H, Yang J, Szabo A. Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on
long-term dialysis. J Nephrol 2015;28 (2):235-43 doi:
10.1007/s40620-014-0132-6[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
6. Hagendorn R, Farkas N, Vincze A, et al. Chronic kidney disease
severely deteriorates the outcome of gastrointestinal bleeding: A
meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2017;23 (47):8415-25 doi:
10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8415[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
7. Ishigami J, Grams ME, Naik RP, Coresh J, Matsushita K. Chronic Kidney
Disease and Risk for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Community: The
Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
2016;11 (10):1735-43 doi: 10.2215/CJN.02170216[published
Online First: Epub Date]|.
8. Luo JC, Leu HB, Huang KW, et al. incidence of bleeding from
gastroduodenal ulcers in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving
hemodialysis. CMAJ 2011;183 (18):E1345-51 doi:
10.1503/cmaj.110299[published Online First: Epub Date]|.
9. Luo JC, Leu HB, Hou MC, et al. Nonpeptic ulcer, nonvariceal
gastrointestinal bleeding in hemodialysis patients. Am J Med
2013;126 (3):264.e25-32 doi:
10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.09.010[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
10. Toke AB. G.I. bleeding risk in patients undergoing dialysis.
Gastrointest Endosc. United States, 2010:50-2.
11. Saeed F, Agrawal N, Greenberg E, Holley JL. Lower gastrointestinal
bleeding in chronic hemodialysis patients. Int J Nephrol
2011;2011 :272535 doi: 10.4061/2011/272535[published Online
First: Epub Date]|.
12. Kringen MK, Narum S, Lygren I, et al. Reduced platelet function and
role of drugs in acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Basic Clin Pharmacol
Toxicol 2011;108 (3):194-201 doi:
10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00643.x[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
13. Wasse H, Gillen DL, Ball AM, et al. Risk factors for upper
gastrointestinal bleeding among end-stage renal disease patients. Kidney
Int 2003;64 (4):1455-61 doi:
10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00225.x[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
14. Sood P, Kumar G, Nanchal R, et al. Chronic kidney disease and
end-stage renal disease predict higher risk of mortality in patients
with primary upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Nephrol
2012;35 (3):216-24 doi: 10.1159/000336107[published Online
First: Epub Date]|.
15. Kuo CC, Kuo HW, Lee IM, Lee CT, Yang CY. The risk of upper
gastrointestinal bleeding in patients treated with hemodialysis: a
population-based cohort study. BMC Nephrol 2013;14 :15 doi:
10.1186/1471-2369-14-15[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
16. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. . 2017.
17. Khera R, Angraal S, Couch T, et al. Adherence to Methodological
Standards in Research Using the National Inpatient Sample. JAMA
2017;318 (20):2011-18 doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.17653[published
Online First: Epub Date]|.
18. D’Agostino RB. Propensity scores in cardiovascular research.
Circulation 2007;115 (17):2340-3 doi:
10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.594952[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
19. Austin PC.
20. Ohmori T, Konishi H, Nakamura S, Shiratori K. Abnormalities of the
small intestine detected by capsule endoscopy in hemodialysis patients.
Intern Med 2012;51 (12):1455-60 doi:
10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7190[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.
21. Kalman RS, Pedrosa MC. Evidence-based review of gastrointestinal
bleeding in the chronic kidney disease patient. Semin Dial
2015;28 (1):68-74 doi: 10.1111/sdi.12301[published Online
First: Epub Date]|.
22. Freeman WJ , Weiss AJ , Heslin KC . Overview of
U.S. Hospital Stays in 2016: Variation by Geographic Region. In: (HCUP)
HCaUP, ed., 2018.
23. Gilbert J. Hospital readmission and length of stay. The Incidental
Economist 2015.
24. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Interim Update on 2013
Annual Hospital-Acquired Condition Rate and Estimates of Cost Savings
and Deaths Averted From 2010 to 2013, 2015.
25. Healthcatalyst T. Patient-Centered LOS Reduction Initiative Improves
Outcomes, Saves Costs. Cost Savings , Infection Reduction , Length
of Stay , Patient Safety , Quality & Process Improvements and
Readmissions . 2016.
26. Garlo K, Williams D, Lucas L, et al. Severity of Anemia Predicts
Hospital Length of Stay but Not Readmission in Patients with Chronic
Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore)
2015;94 (25):e964 doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000000964[published
Online First: Epub Date]|.
27. Daratha KB, Short RA, Corbett CF, et al. Risks of subsequent
hospitalization and death in patients with kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc
Nephrol 2012;7 (3):409-16 doi: 10.2215/CJN.05070511[published
Online First: Epub Date]|.
28. Weng SC, Shu KH, Tarng DC, et al. In-hospital mortality risk
estimation in patients with acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal
bleeding undergoing hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study. Ren Fail
2013;35 (2):243-8 doi: 10.3109/0886022x.2012.747140[published
Online First: Epub Date]|.
29. Yang JY, Lee TC, Montez-Rath ME, et al. Trends in acute nonvariceal
upper gastrointestinal bleeding in dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol
2012;23 (3):495-506 doi: 10.1681/asn.2011070658[published
Online First: Epub Date]|.
30. Strate LL, Ayanian JZ, Kotler G, Syngal S. Risk factors for
mortality in lower intestinal bleeding. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
2008;6 (9):1004-10; quiz 955- doi:
10.1016/j.cgh.2008.03.021[published Online First: Epub
Date]|.