Figure 1. Geographical map indicating locations where the
outbreak was reported and cytopathic effect of PDCoV in PK-15 cells
A representative map of South America (blue) highlighting Peru (orange)
is shown in the upper right side. Additionally, a geographical map of
San Martin department (yellow) located in the north of Peru (light
green) is represented below (A). Following PDCoV detection, intestinal
content was filtered, and trypsin treated for isolation in cell lines
known to be permissible for PDCoV replication. Following 5 days of
inoculation, no cytopathic effect (cpe) was evidenced under light
microscopy in both cell lines. A second passage evidenced cpe after 24
h, with initial cell rounding and monolayer disruption in PK-15 cells
but absent in Vero cells. Following 48 h of second passage, cpe was
evidenced in almost 70 % of cell monolayer, characterized by cell
rounding, cell detaching, pyknosis in Pk-15 cell lines but no cytopathic
effect was detected in Vero cell lines (B).