Experimental Approach:
We integrated patch-clamp studies utilizing In Vitro ProArrhythmia Assay (CiPA) Schema IC50 paradigms, molecular modelling, cardiac multi-electrode array and voltage (RH237) mapping, ECG studies, and Ca2+ (Rhod-2 AM) mapping in isolated Langendorff-perfused guinea-pig hearts with human in-silico ion current modelling.