Data extraction
All data including demographics (sex, age, weight), diagnosis (mild or
severe cases), comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular
disease, respiratory system disease, past surgical history), laboratory
assessments (lymphocyte, white blood cell, procalcitonin, C-reactive
protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, D-Dimer), liver function
(alanine aminotransferase ALT, aspartate aminotransferase AST), renal
function (blood urea nitrogen BUN, creatinine), and length of hospital
stay were extracted from electronic medical records (blood tests drawn
on admission were obtained).