Conclusion
In summary, we report a rare case of transformation of myelodysplastic
syndrome to AMKL in a middle-aged gentleman who was refractory to
induction and salvage chemotherapy. The risk factors for his poor
outcome are advanced age, aggressive disease biology, underlying
presence of MDS, poor response to induction chemotherapy, high lactate
dehydrogenase and lack of good cytogenetic and molecular mutations. More
intensive research into the molecular pathogenesis of this disease is
required to achieve better therapeutic modalities as current
conventional therapies are ineffective.