Consistency between local and regional elevational trends
Our design was setup to examine the consistency between local and regional elevational trends in BIH (inset in Figure 2a). Yet, while the leaf area lost to herbivory tended to increase with local elevation along each transect (solid line, linear regression P=0.07), it showed a neutral-to-negative relationship with regional elevation (dotted line, linear regression P=0.45). In contrast, the green leaf N-content showed a similar increase with elevation along both the regional (linear regression P=0.01) and local (linear regression P<0.01) gradients (inset in Figure 2b). Hence, as our design captured the expected trend in leaf foliar chemistry, it seems quite robust to test the consistency between local and regional elevation in other ecological variables.