Primary and Secondary Outcomes
Perioperative complications are shown in Table 4 . Fifteen (5.1%) patients died intraoperatively, and operative mortality was 22.5%. Reoperation and blood transfusions were required in 32.4% and 66.6% of patients, respectively. The most common postoperative complication was prolonged mechanical ventilation (>24 hours), followed by atrial fibrillation and renal failure. Median intensive care unit time was 88.9 hours (IQR 42.0 – 205.0 hours).
Probability analysis demonstrated a correlated relationship between CPB time and operative mortality (Figure 1) . A CPB time of 353 minutes correlated with an estimated 25% operative mortality, 446 minutes with 50% operative mortality, and 539 minutes with 75% operative mortality.
Median follow up time was 3.27 years (IQR 0.07 -6.42 years). One- and five-year rates of readmission for any cause were 32.8% and 45.1%, respectively. One-month and one-year survival were 73.7% and 61.4%, respectively (Figure 2 ).