Delivery frequency |
Low frequency |
High frequency |
High
frequency |
Delivery time |
Hours |
Seconds |
Seconds |
Absorption |
Fast absorption (Tmax 0.5-4 hours) |
Slow
absorption (Tmax 2-14 days) |
Slow absorption
(Tmax 2-14 days) |
Bioavailability |
100% |
~65% |
~80% |
Half-Life |
Similar for all routes |
Similar for all routes |
Similar
for all routes |
Dose |
Low |
High |
High |
Concentration |
Diluted solutions |
High concentrations |
High
concentrations |
Volume |
High injection volume |
Low injection volume |
Low injection
volume |
Injection device |
Saline drips, syringe |
Vial and syringe, pre-filled
syringe, pre-filled pen, autoinjectors |
Syringe |
Formulation for storage |
Lyophilized powder for reconstitution, liquid
formulations in vials or syringes |
Liquid formulations containing
excipients in single-use syringes/pens |
Lyophilized powder for
reconstitution, liquid formulations in vials or syringes |
Injection angle |
25° |
45° |
90° |
Immunogenicity |
Low |
Higher ADA events |
Low |
Patient compliance |
Low (invasive, need for professional assistance) |
Higher (self-administration, less invasive) |
Low
(invasive) |