|
|
T1 |
T2 |
T3 |
|
Aboveground
effects of PI |
Aboveground
effects of PI |
|
|
|
|
Less phytophagy, hence less defense production against herbivores |
Less
phytophagy, hence less defense production against herbivores |
|
|
|
|
PIA1 |
Litter less toxic for soil invertebrates |
+ |
+ |
|
Lower
phenolics |
PIA2 |
Litter with more degradable C compounds |
|
|
+ |
Lower C:N
ratio |
Less phytophagy, hence less damage on leaf litter |
Less phytophagy,
hence less damage on leaf litter |
|
|
|
|
PIA3 |
Litter with less access for soil biota |
- |
- |
|
Lower
leaf damage |
PIA4 |
Slower moistening/desiccation |
|
|
- |
Lower leaf
damage |
More stressful conditions, hence more defense production |
More
stressful conditions, hence more defense production |
|
|
|
|
PIA5 |
Litter more toxic for soil invertebrates |
- |
- |
|
Higher
phenolics |
PIA6 |
Litter with less degradable C compounds |
|
|
- |
Higher
C:N ratio |
Belowground effects of PI |
Belowground effects of PI |
|
|
|
|
Ambient litter different from focal oak litter |
Ambient litter
different from focal oak litter |
|
|
|
|
PIB1 |
Ambient decomposers naïve to focal oak litter |
- |
- |
|
|
PIB2 |
Transfer of nutrients for decomposers |
+ |
+ |
|
|
PIB3 |
Transfer of toxins for decomposers |
- |
- |
|
|
PIB4 |
Ambient litter more acid |
|
|
- |
Lower soil
pH |
PIB5 |
Ambient litter with less water holding capacity |
|
|
- |
Lower soil moisture |
PIB6 |
Ambient litter more aerated |
|
|
+ |
Lower soil moisture |
Altered vegetation period of the focal oak tree |
Altered vegetation
period of the focal oak tree |
|
|
|
|
PIB7 |
Delayed budburst |
|
|
- |
More days until
budburst |
PIB8 |
Shorter vegetation period |
|
|
+ |
Shorter leaf
duration |