Saleh et al.[28] |
Multicenter, prospective, observational study,
USA |
OR/IV 500 OD 5 days |
|
|
Ventricular arrhythmia |
Ventricular arrhythmia |
4.2 % due to QTc
prolongation |
|
|
|
HCQ + AZT: 119
|
Mean Δ: 27.5 ± 44.3
QTc> 500: 9.2 %
|
5.0 %
|
5.0 %
|
|
|
|
|
HCQ: 82
|
Mean Δ: 3.9 ± 32.9
QTc> 500: 8.6 %
|
2.4 %
|
2.4 %
|
2.4 % due to QTc prolongation
|
Million et al.[73]
|
Single center, retrospective, observational study, France
|
500 day 1, 250 OD days 2-5
|
HQC + AZT: 1,061
|
ΔQTc> 60: 0.8 %
QTc> 500: 0 %
|
None
|
None
|
3 (abdominal pain, urticaria, erythematous and bullous rash)
|
Mahevas et al.[75] |
Multicenter, retrospective,
propensity-score matched observational study in France |
500 day 1, 250
OD day 2-5 |
HCQ: 84 |
ΔQTc > 60: 8.3 % |
1.2 %
atrioventricular block |
1.2 % atrioventricular block |
8 (10
%) |
|
|
|
HCQ + AZT: 15 |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Rosenberg et al.[78] |
Multicenter, retrospective,
observational cohort study, USA |
OR/IV 500 OD. Duration NR |
|
|
Cardiac arrest: |
Arrhythmia |
NR |
|
|
|
HCQ + AZT: 735 |
81 (11.0 %) |
15.5 % |
20.4 % |
|
|
|
|
HCQ: 271 |
39 (14.4 %) |
13.7 % |
16.2 % |
|
|
|
|
AZT: 211 |
15 (7.1 %) |
6.2 % |
10.9 % |
|
|
|
|
SOC: 221 |
13 (5.9 %) |
6.8 % |
10.4 % |
|
Guerin et al.[79] |
Retrospective, observational study,
France |
500 day 1, 250 OD days 2-5 |
HCQ + AZT: 20 |
None |
None |
None |
None |
|
|
|
AZT: 34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SOC: 34 |
|
|
|
|
Barbosa et al.[80] |
Open label, controlled non-randomized
trial, Brasil |
500 OD 5 days |
HCQ+AZT: 412 |
None |
None |
None |
None |
|
|
|
SOC: 224 |
None |
|
|
|
Mercuro et al.[81]
|
Single center, retrospective, observational cohort, USA
|
NR
|
HCQ + AZT: 53
|
Mean Δ: 23 (10-40)
QTc> 500: 21 %
ΔQTc> 60: 13 %
|
1 extreme QTc prolongation that developed TdP
|
1 extreme QTc prolongation that developed TdP
|
1.1 % due to QTc prolongation
|
|
|
|
HCQ: 37
|
Mean Δ: 5.5 (-14-31)
QTc> 500: 19 %
ΔQTc> 60: 3 %
|
None
|
None
|
11.1 % due to QTc prolongation
|
Chorin et al.[82]
|
Single center, retrospective, observational cohort, USA
|
500 OD. Duration NR
|
HQC + AZT: 84
|
QTc> 500: 11 %
ΔQTc> 60: 12 %
|
None
|
None
|
NR
|
Bessiere et al.[83] |
Single center, retrospective,
observational cohort study |
250 OD 5 days |
HCQ + AZT: 18 |
QTc> 500: 33 % |
None |
None |
NR |
|
|
|
HCQ: 22 |
QTc> 500: 5 % |
|
|
|
Chang et al.[84]
|
Single center, prospective observational cohort study, USA
|
At least 1 dose IV 500
|
HCQ + AZT: 51
|
Mean Δ: 12.8 ± 29.3
|
Atrial fibrillation: 12.8 %
Supraventricular tachycardia: 0.9 %
|
Atrial fibrillation: 12.8 %
Supraventricular tachycardia: 0.9 %
|
None
|
|
|
|
HCQ: 66 |
Mean Δ: 3.9 ± 31.9 |
|
|
1.5 % due to QTc
prolongation |
Chorin et al.[85]
|
Multicenter, observational study in Italy and USA
|
OR 500 OD 5 days
|
HCQ + AZT: 251
|
Mean Δ: 34 ± 30
QTc > 500: 20 %
Extreme QTc prolongation: 23 %
|
NR
|
NR
|
3.2 % due to QTc prolongation
|
Lane et al.[86]
|
Multinational, network cohort and self-controlled case study
|
NR
|
HCQ +AZT: 323,122
HCQ + AMX: 351,956
|
NR
|
30-day cardiovascular mortality
CalHR: 2.19 (95 % CI 1.22-3.94)
Chest pain/angina
CalHR: 1.15 (95 % CI 1.05-1.26)
Heart failure
CalHR 1.22 (95 % CI 1.02-1.45)
|
30-day cardiovascular mortality
CalHR: 2.19 (95 % CI 1.22-3.94)
Chest pain/angina
CalHR: 1.15 (95 % CI 1.05-1.26)
Heart failure
CalHR 1.22 (95 % CI 1.02-1.45)
|
NR
|