Viral infections in childhood:
In children suffering from acute upper respiratory airway viral infections, the incidence of exanthems after therapy with antibiotics (mostly β-lactams) is high [35]. This phenomenon can be observed following infections with a wide range of different viruses such as picornavirus, coronaviruses, hMPV, influenza A-B, parainfluenza, and RSV. These observed exanthems are mostly mild and transitory, but they can have lasting consequences. For example, infected children can be labeled as drug (“penicillin”)-allergic, but later no sensitization to drugs is observed in skin tests and the eliciting drug is again well tolerated [36].