Introduction
Cryoglobulinemia is a clinical disorder characterized by the presence of cryogobulins (CGs) in the serum. CGs are immunoglobulins (IGs) that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below the normal body temperature (<37°C) and redissolve upon warming. Cardiovascular surgeries, such as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) usually requires systemic hypothermia, has a risk of organ disorders due to microangiopathy induced a rapid increase in blood viscosity. We present a case of ascending aorta replacement with CPB under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in a patient who experienced acute aortic dissection during cryoglobulinemia treatment.