Age (years) 73.4±13.9
Male 65(59)
BMI (kg/cm2) 22.0±4.2
Aortic valve type
Mechanical valve 60(55)
Biological valve 49(45)
Mitral valve operation 12(10)
Primary aortic valve diseases
AS 62(56)
AR 28(25)
IE 18(16)
Others 1(0)
Period after AVR (years) 11.0±8.5
HT 67(61)
DL 53(48)
DM 26(23)
CKD 55(50)
Hemodialysis 5(4)
Old cerebral infarction 11(10)
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation 9(8)
Persistent atrial fibrillation 16(14)
Atrial tachycardia 1(0)
Medication
Beta blocker 62(56)
ACEI/ARB 40(36)
Aldosterone antagonist 9(8)
Amiodarone 7(6)
Antiarrhythmic drug group 1 3(2)