Figure 5. (a) Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectra of TFC, TFN-(Zr)-1, TFN-(Zr/Ti)-1, TFN-(Zr)-2, and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-2 membranes. (b) Fourier-transform infrared spectra of TFC and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-2 membranes and UiO-66(Zr/Ti)-NH2 nanoparticles. Here TFC denotes thin-film composite membrane, TFN-(Zr)-1 and TFN-(Zr)-2 denote thin-film nanocomposite membranes with UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 loadings of 0.01% and 0.03% (w/v) in 50 mL of n-hexane solution, respectively, and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-1 and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-2 denote thin-film nanocomposite membranes with UiO-66(Zr/Ti)-NH2 loadings of 0.01% and 0.03% (w/v) in 50 mL of n-hexane solution, respectively.