INTRODUCTION
The pathologies involving the cardiovascular system are constant and
increasing, in addition, they represent a high rate of death worldwide,
reaching up to 25% in developed countries. The number of cardiac
surgeries, mainly myocardial revascularization (MRI), has been
increasing worldwide. Approximately 45,000 surgeries in this category
are performed in the United States annually1,2.
Despite being frequently performed, CABG is still a high-risk procedure,
from its completion to the postoperative period, due to the impairments
caused by this procedure3,4. There is evidence to
prove that CABG has a great influence on the weakness of these patients,
from the reduction of pulmonary capacities to functional ones. In
addition to the immobilization caused by the postoperative period, the
reduction of peripheral muscle strength is another factor that
influences the decrease in functional capacity, where it is assessed
through the six-minute walk test5-7.
These conditions when added to predisposing factors such as: age, sex,
obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), arterial hypertension (SAH)
and dyslipidemia (DLP), have a greater influence on postoperative
complications, the main ones being: atelectasis, stroke pleural,
pneumonia and pneumothorax, conditions that can be minimized through
early mobilization and Inspiratory Muscle Training
(IMT)8-10.
IMT has shown its efficacy and benefits in patients who undergo MRI
surgeries both pre- and postoperatively, contributing to the prevention
of losses in pulmonary and functional aspects11.
However, there is a knowledge gap regarding disrespect about the use of
IMT on lung function and functionality in patients who present risk
factors for the development of postoperative pulmonary complications
(PPC).
The aim of this study is to assess the impact of IMT on the functional
capacity of patients undergoing CABG who have risk factors for pulmonary
complications.