Habitat and Stratum
We created a scoring system for habitat and stratum that roughly estimated solar radiation exposure by species. We scored habitats using the following codes: 0 = tall deciduous forest, 1 = coniferous/montane forest, 2 = riparian/secondary/gallery forest, or broad forest type use, 3 = stunted/young forest, 4 = forest edge, 5 = scrub/marshes, 6 = open habitat. We rated stratum by relative stratum within a habitat using the following codes: 0= ground or near ground. 1= understory/undergrowth, 2 = midstory, 3= subcanopy, 4 =canopy/edge/open. Using data from Dunn and Garrett (1997), Curson (2010), Stevenson and Whittle (2013), Rodewald(2015) and Schulenberg (2019) we scored the habitat and foraging stratum during the breeding and wintering periods for each species. We also scored the stratum of nest placement and the nest type from these sources. We coded nest types as the following: 0 = cavity, 1 = dome/closed, 2 = open cup.