Rate of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hypersensitivity
The allergy workup revealed from a total of 334 patients in 57 cases (17%) a clinical suspicion of type 1 sensitization against the SARS-CoV-vaccine and/or the excipients defined as one positive skin test and/or basophil activation test. The majority of the SPT and IDT with the vaccines were negative. Two patients had a systemic reaction after the IDT (one for Comirnaty® and one for Spikevax®). Baseline tryptase was not elevated in any of the patients except one who had a known mastocytosis, the median value of baseline tryptase of a total of 113 measured cases was 4.49 µg/ml. The BAT was positive in seventeen cases (Table 3).
As mentioned above 45 patients met the criteria of anaphylaxis according to the Brighton criteria (level 1 corresponds to the highest, levels 2 and 3 to lower degrees of diagnostic certainty) [4]. The patients were mostly females (42/45 cases, 93.3%). Of these in 11 cases, at least one diagnostic test was positive (Table 4). The data revealed that 3 patients had a positive BAT for the suspected SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 4 patients were positive to PEG2000 in the IDT.