Data collection
Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of all patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 were obtained with data collection forms from the electronic medical records of each patient. The data collected included demographics, comorbidities, the use of any potentially hepatotoxic medications, and lab results available from a primary health care setting within the range of one year prior to admission. Upon their admission, the severity of all patients was recorded and their labs results and outcomes during hospitalization were extracted from the electronic medical file.
Patients with known hepatic pathology or autoimmune phenotypes (such as alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune hepatitis, viral hepatitis, cholestatic liver disease and metabolic/genetic liver disease) were excluded using specific clinical, laboratory, radiological and/or histological criteria/tests (serology of viral hepatitis A, B, and C, autoimmune markers including ANA, anti-LKM, anti-smooth mussels protein electrophoresis, immune electrophoresis, metabolic markers such as serum ceruloplasmin, 24-h urine collection for copper, ferritin, iron, transferrin saturation, TSH, HbA1c and alpha-1 antitrypsin).