REFERENCES
1. Tan JK, Bhate K. A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne.Br J Dermatol. 2015;172 Suppl 1:3-12.
2. Wolkenstein P, Machovcova A, Szepietowski JC, Tennstedt D, Veraldi S, Delarue A. Acne prevalence and associations with lifestyle: a cross-sectional online survey of adolescents/young adults in 7 European countries. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(2):298-306.
3. Ghodsi SZ, Orawa H, Zouboulis CC. Prevalence, severity, and severity risk factors of acne in high school pupils: a community-based study.J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(9):2136-2141.
4. Karciauskiene J, Valiukeviciene S, Gollnick H, Stang A. The prevalence and risk factors of adolescent acne among schoolchildren in Lithuania: a cross-sectional study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.2014;28(6):733-740.
5. Walker N, Lewis-Jones MS. Quality of life and acne in Scottish adolescent schoolchildren: use of the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) and the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI).J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(1):45-50.
6. Wu TQ, Mei SQ, Zhang JX, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of facial acne vulgaris among Chinese adolescents. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2007;19(4):407-412.
7. Hanisah A, Omar K, Shah SA. Prevalence of acne and its impact on the quality of life in school-aged adolescents in Malaysia. J Prim Health Care. 2009;1(1):20-25.
8. Poli F, Dreno B, Verschoore M. An epidemiological study of acne in female adults: results of a survey conducted in France. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2001;15(6):541-545.
9. Thiboutot D, Gollnick H, Bettoli V, et al. New insights into the management of acne: an update from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009;60(5 Suppl):S1-50.
10. Prevost N, English JC. Isotretinoin: update on controversial issues.J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2013;26(5):290-293.
11. Williams HC, Dellavalle RP, Garner S. Acne vulgaris. Lancet (London, England). 2012;379(9813):361-372.
12. Roman CJ, Cifu AS, Stein SL. Management of Acne Vulgaris.Jama. 2016;316(13):1402-1403.
13. Melnik BC. Apoptosis May Explain the Pharmacological Mode of Action and Adverse Effects of Isotretinoin, Including Teratogenicity.Acta Derm Venereol. 2017;97(2):173-181.
14. Thiboutot DM, Dreno B, Abanmi A, et al. Practical management of acne for clinicians: An international consensus from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;78(2 Suppl 1):S1-S23.e21.
15. Antoniou C, Dessinioti C, Sotiriadis D, et al. A multicenter, randomized, split-face clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of chromophore gel-assisted blue light phototherapy for the treatment of acne. Int J Dermatol. 2016;55(12):1321-1328.
16. Nikolis A, Fauverghe S, Scapagnini G, et al. An extension of a multicenter, randomized, split-face clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of chromophore gel-assisted blue light phototherapy for the treatment of acne. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57(1):94-103.
17. Edge D, Mellergaard M, Dam-Hansen C, et al. Fluorescent light energy: the future for treating inflammatory skin conditions? The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 2019.
18. Zago M, Dehghani M, Jaworska J, et al. Fluorescent light energy in wound healing: when is a photon something more? Vol 11221: SPIE; 2020.
19. Scapagnini G, Marchegiani A, Rossi G, et al. Management of all three phases of wound healing through the induction of fluorescence biomodulation using fluorescence light energy. Vol 10863: SPIE; 2019.
20. Nast A, Dreno B, Bettoli V, et al. European evidence-based (S3) guideline for the treatment of acne - update 2016 - short version.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30(8):1261-1268.
21. Lee JW, Yoo KH, Park KY, et al. Effectiveness of conventional, low-dose and intermittent oral isotretinoin in the treatment of acne: a randomized, controlled comparative study. Br J Dermatol.2011;164(6):1369-1375.
22. Van TLT, Minh PN, Thuy PTT, et al. Efficacy of Oral Low-Dose Isotretinoin in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris in Vietnam. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(2):279-282.
23. Lehucher-Ceyrac D, de La Salmoniere P, Chastang C, Morel P. Predictive factors for failure of isotretinoin treatment in acne patients: results from a cohort of 237 patients. Dermatology.1999;198(3):278-283.
24. Chivot M. [Acne flare-up and deterioration with oral isotretinoin]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2001;128(3 Pt 1):224-228.
25. Mehra T, Borelli C, Burgdorf W, Rocken M, Schaller M. Treatment of severe acne with low-dose isotretinoin. Acta Derm Venereol.2012;92(3):247-248.
26. Allison MA, Dunn CL, Person DA. Acne fulminans treated with isotretinoin and ”pulse” corticosteroids. Pediatr Dermatol.1997;14(1):39-42.
27. Katsambas A, Dessinioti C. New and emerging treatments in dermatology: acne. Dermatol Ther. 2008;21(2):86-95.
28. Hamilton FL, Car J, Lyons C, Car M, Layton A, Majeed A. Laser and other light therapies for the treatment of acne vulgaris: systematic review. Br J Dermatol. 2009;160(6):1273-1285.
29. Mariwalla K, Rohrer TE. Use of lasers and light-based therapies for treatment of acne vulgaris. Lasers in surgery and medicine.2005;37(5):333-342.
30. Haedersdal M, Togsverd-Bo K, Wulf HC. Evidence-based review of lasers, light sources and photodynamic therapy in the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008;22(3):267-278.
31. Barbaric J, Abbott R, Posadzki P, et al. Light therapies for acne: abridged Cochrane systematic review including GRADE assessments.Br J Dermatol. 2018;178(1):61-75.
32. Sadick NS, Cardona A. Laser treatment for facial acne scars: A review. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2018;20(7-8):424-435.
33. Wiznia LE, Stevenson ML, Nagler AR. Laser treatments of active acne.Lasers in medical science. 2017;32(7):1647-1658.
34. Alexiades M. Laser and light-based treatments of acne and acne scarring. Clin Dermatol. 2017;35(2):183-189.
35. Gold MH, Goldberg DJ, Nestor MS. Current treatments of acne: Medications, lights, lasers, and a novel 650-mus 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser.J Cosmet Dermatol. 2017;16(3):303-318.
36. Tong LX, Brauer JA. Lasers, Light, and the Treatment of Acne: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. J Drugs Dermatol.2017;16(11):1095-1102.
37. Marson JW, Baldwin HE. An Overview of Acne Therapy, Part 1: Topical therapy, Oral Antibiotics, Laser and Light Therapy, and Dietary Interventions. Dermatol Clin. 2019;37(2):183-193.
38. Perper M, Tsatalis J, Eber AE, Cervantes J, Nouri K. Lasers in the treatment of acne. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2017;152(4):360-372.
39. Posadzki P, Car J. Light Therapies for Acne. JAMA Dermatol.2018;154(5):597-598.
40. Scott AM, Stehlik P, Clark J, et al. Blue-Light Therapy for Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Fam Med.2019;17(6):545-553.
41. Salavastru C, Tiplica GS, Branisteanu DE, Fritz K. [Light-based inflammatory acne treatments]. Hautarzt. 2018;69(1):27-34.
42. Boen M, Brownell J, Patel P, Tsoukas MM. The Role of Photodynamic Therapy in Acne: An Evidence-Based Review. Am J Clin Dermatol.2017;18(3):311-321.
43. Riddle CC, Terrell SN, Menser MB, Aires DJ, Schweiger ES. A review of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of acne vulgaris.J Drugs Dermatol. 2009;8(11):1010-1019.
44. Zheng W, Wu Y, Xu X, Gao X, Chen HD, Li Y. Evidence-based review of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of acne. Eur J Dermatol.2014;24(4):444-456.
45. Pei S, Inamadar AC, Adya KA, Tsoukas MM. Light-based therapies in acne treatment. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2015;6(3):145-157.
46. Nast A, Dreno B, Bettoli V, et al. European evidence-based (S3) guidelines for the treatment of acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26 Suppl 1:1-29.
47. Jalili A. Chromophore gel-assisted phototherapy: A novel and promising photobiomodulation therapy for facial inflammatory skin diseases and skin aging. Vol 112018.
48. Jalili A. Chromophore gel-assisted phototherapy. Journal für Ästhetische Chirurgie. 2019;12(1):1-5.
49. Boyd JM, Lewis KA, Mohammed N, et al. Propionibacterium acnes susceptibility to low-level 449 nm blue light photobiomodulation.Lasers in surgery and medicine. 2019;51(8):727-734.
50. Hamblin MR. Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation. AIMS biophysics.2017;4(3):337-361.
51. Braun SA, Gerber PA. A photoconverter gel-assisted blue light therapy for the treatment of rosacea. Int J Dermatol.2017;56(12):1489-1490.
52. Sannino M, Lodi G, Dethlefsen MW, Nistico SP, Cannarozzo G, Nielsen MCE. Fluorescent light energy: Treating rosacea subtypes 1, 2, and 3.Clin Case Rep. 2018;6(12):2385-2390.
53. Gerber PA, Scarcella G, Edge D, Nielsen MCE. Biophotonic pretreatment enhances the targeting of senile lentigines with a 694 nm QS-ruby laser. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2019.
54. Scarcella G, Dethlefsen MW, Nielsen MCE. Treatment of solar lentigines using a combination of picosecond laser and biophotonic treatment. Clin Case Rep. 2018;6(9):1868-1870.
55. Mahendran A, Wong XL, Kao S, Sebaratnam DF. Treatment of erlotinib-induced acneiform eruption with chromophore gel-assisted phototherapy. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed.2019;35(3):190-192.
56. Koceva I, Rummelein B, Gerber PA, Edge D, Nielsen MCE. Fluorescent light energy: A new therapeutic approach to effectively treating acne conglobata and hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Case Rep.2019;7(9):1769-1772.
57. Nikolis A, Bernstein S, Kinney B, Scuderi N, Rastogi S, Sampalis JS. A randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded, split-faced clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of KLOX-001 gel formulation with KLOX light-emitting diode light on facial rejuvenation. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2016;9:115-125.
58. Romanelli M, Piaggesi A, Scapagnini G, et al. Evaluation of fluorescence biomodulation in the real-life management of chronic wounds: the EUREKA trial. J Wound Care. 2018;27(11):744-753.
59. Fogacci T, Cattin F, Semprini G, Frisoni G, Fabiocchi L, Samorani D. The use of chromophore gel-assisted blue light phototherapy (Lumiheal) for the treatment of surgical site infections in breast surgery.Breast J. 2018;24(6):1135.
60. M Mellergaard SF, C Scarpa, VL Pozner, S Skov, L Hebert, M Nielsen, F Bassetto, and L Téot Evaluation of Fluorescent Light Energy for the Treatment of Acute Second-degree Burns and Scars. article submitted to Military Medicine Jan 2020.
61. Ding J MM, Kwana P, Edge D, Ma Z, Zhu Z, Hebert L, Alrobaiea S, Iwasaki T, Nielsen MCE, and Tredget EE. Fluorescence light energy (FLE) accelerates wound closure and re-epithelialization in a skin graft mouse model. Submitted to Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. 2020.
62. Ferroni L, Zago M, Patergnani S, et al. Fluorescent Light Energy (FLE) Acts on Mitochondrial Physiology Improving Wound Healing. J Clin Med. 2020;9(2).
63. Bettoli V, Guerra-Tapia A, Herane MI, Piquero-Martín J. Challenges and Solutions in Oral Isotretinoin in Acne: Reflections on 35 Years of Experience. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2019;12:943-951.
64. Layton A. The use of isotretinoin in acne. Dermatoendocrinol.2009;1(3):162-169.
65. Mellergaard M, Eguren, C, Romero, D, Bordignon, M, Darwich, E, Pauletti, L, Guareschi, ME, Ricart, JM, Nielsen, MCE. Consensus-based alternative regimes for treating acne and rosacea using fluorescent light energy with low-dose isotretinoin. Under review: Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. 2020.
66. Guidance for Industry; Acne Vulgaris: Developing Drugs for Treatment (Draft Guidance). http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM071292.pdf2005:1-14.
67. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nature reviews Disease primers. 2018;4:18034.
68. Tan JK, Tang J, Fung K, et al. Development and validation of a comprehensive acne severity scale. J Cutan Med Surg.2007;11(6):211-216.
69. Dreno B, Bettoli V, Ochsendorf F, Layton A, Mobacken H, Degreef H. European recommendations on the use of oral antibiotics for acne.Eur J Dermatol. 2004;14(6):391-399.
70. Del Rosso JQ, Thiboutot D, Gallo R, et al. Consensus recommendations from the American Acne & Rosacea Society on the management of rosacea, part 3: a status report on systemic therapies. Cutis.2014;93(1):18-28.
71. Simonart T, Dramaix M, De Maertelaer V. Efficacy of tetracyclines in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a review. Br J Dermatol.2008;158(2):208-216.
72. Chon SY, Doan HQ, Mays RM, Singh SM, Gordon RA, Tyring SK. Antibiotic overuse and resistance in dermatology. Dermatol Ther.2012;25(1):55-69.