Introduction
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in developing
countries, which, in addition to increasing mortality, causes disability
and disability in patients (1). Like most countries in Western Asia, CVD
is the first cause of death in Iran, responsible for 46% of deaths (2).
one of the major methods for treating coronary artery diseases is
coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)(3), which 50 to 60% of heart
surgeries are performed with this method in Iran(4).
Despite the constant innovations in technology and the increasing
quality of medical interventions in heart patients, surgery is
considered a challenge for these patients that causes pre- and
post-surgery limitations such as changes in their lifestyle habits and
despite the risk of patient vulnerability during surgery, it can cause
significant degrees of anxiety(5). On the other hand, these patients
need constant monitoring of cardiac risk factors to prevent the
progression of the disease and recurrence of cardiac events, which
increases the level of anxiety and fear in the preoperative stage(6). In
patients, preoperative anxiety stimulates the sympathetic system and
significant changes in heart rate and blood pressure(7), Increasing the
risk of death(8), during anesthesia, the need for aanesthetic drugs
increases and prolongs the recovery period(9).
One way to reduce anxiety is to educate and provide information to the
patient (10). One of the topics that can be taught to the patient is
home care training. According to Lancaster, home care is the best way to
provide educational programs for individuals in the family (11). The
goal of home care training is to increase the patient’s ability to cope
with their illness, to take care of themselves and to speed up recovery
after an illness, and to minimize any complications, because recent
changes in global health care systems require that patients with
long-term complex care needs be cared at home and by self and family
members (12). In fact, home care training helps the patient identify
their problems, acquire the necessary care skills, and solve problems on
their own, as a result, the patient will feel empowered and the fear and
anxiety of disability will subside. Therefore, it is important to
educate patients in the preoperative stage, so that they can control the
anxiety and fear that patients have from the postoperative period.
Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effect of home
care training on anxiety and vital signs level in CABG patients.