Chemical taxonomy, pharmacological actions and therapeutic suitability
of isolated phyto-oils against pathogenic bacteria -- A comprehensive
review
Abstract
Thousands of phyto-oils (POs), also known as essential oils (EOs),
isolated from several medicinal and aromatic plants are used in
prominent therapeutic approaches from old age to present day drug
development modules. In comparison to isolation and utilization, POs are
not used adequately in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food processing
industries for poor solubility, low bioavailability with some
uncharacterized mechanisms without proper toxicity reports. Thus, this
review focus on the documentation of biological/ therapeutic values,
particularly antimicrobial potencies, mode of action, economic
importance, toxicity profiles of several classes of POs with available
methods to overcome the poor drug-likeness properties of POs.
Strategically adopted techniques such as nanoemulsions, liposomes,
cyclodextrins, chemical conjugation, etc., are the symbiotic method to
enhance the drug-ability, bio-stability, bio-availability, controlled
delivery/ releases of POs on a specific target site to use as potent and
safer antibacterials. As a result, several biologically active POs could
be used in antibacterial drug development towards the control of
gruesome multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacterial.