Study patients
A total of 411 patients who underwent arterial switch operations between 2000 and 2019 were reviewed. The inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, 67 patients had specific pathology requiring arterial switch operation were excluded because this pathology had innate pulmonary arteries disease, the rest are 344 patients, 24 of them who were older than 90 days were also excluded due to basic significant pulmonary hypertension in this population. There were 11 early mortalities. There were no late mortalities. Most of the mortalities were in the early era of the study. None of those (mortality group of patients) underwent reintervention for residual pulmonary artery stenosis. Therefore, the final study cohort included 309 patients (Figure 2).