2.3 Sampling and analysis
Thirty sample locations are identified based on the high densified resident, agricultural activities, and waste disposal site in the study area. The samples were collected in the prewashed polyethylene bottles and followed preservatives techniques to improve the accuracy of the results. A physical characteristic such as pH, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids are measured during the sample collection. Major cations such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, major anions such as chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, carbonate, and bicarbonate are measured in the laboratory methods recommended by American Public Health Association (APHA, 1995).