Study Population
Our target population consisted of HIV-related hospitalizations from January 1, 2005 to December 21, 2014. We included hospital admissions with a diagnosis of HIV infection (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM] code 042 and V08) in primary and secondary diagnostic field during our study period. We excluded patients with missing information about sex, mortality, age and age less than 18 years Since NIS represents a 20% stratified random sample of US hospitals, analyses were performed using hospital-level discharge weights provided by the NIS to obtain national estimates gave our final population of HIV patients. We subclassified this group into hospitalizations with associated cardiac arrhythmia and those without arrhythmia for trend analysis using ICD codes for cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF)/flutter, supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), AF and, atrial flutter(AFL) listed in Supplementary table 1. Interventions such as ICD implantation, use of vasopressors, cardiac catheterization, endotracheal intubation and CPR were identified by ICD codes in both primary and secondary procedural field (Supplementary Table 1).