|
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
Overall |
Relative
change (%) |
P-value |
Primary admission |
4412 |
5629 |
5709 |
6197 |
6776 |
7873 |
8414 |
7955 |
8885 |
9435 |
71285 |
108 |
<.0001 |
Patient level variables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18-49 |
1060 |
1190 |
1350 |
1430 |
1390 |
1630 |
1780 |
1870 |
1750 |
1940 |
1490 |
81 |
<.0001 |
50-64 |
3460 |
3640 |
3680 |
3900 |
3870 |
3860 |
4680 |
4810 |
5550 |
5590 |
4370 |
64 |
<.0001 |
65-79 |
8750 |
9980 |
10980 |
10470 |
11360 |
12020 |
12820 |
11970 |
13660 |
14010 |
11970 |
53 |
<.0001 |
≥ 80 |
26710 |
13930 |
14970 |
17900 |
17630 |
21020 |
23470 |
21710 |
18090 |
27640 |
20810 |
19 |
<.0001 |
Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
2120 |
2530 |
2730 |
3050 |
3260 |
3410 |
4080 |
4190 |
4880 |
5080 |
3480 |
138 |
<.0001 |
Female |
1310 |
1400 |
1690 |
1750 |
1650 |
2130 |
2490 |
2770 |
2780 |
3250 |
2090 |
147 |
<.0001 |
Deyo/Charlson Score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<2 |
1380 |
1620 |
1550 |
2060 |
1920 |
2050 |
2250 |
2070 |
2640 |
2740 |
2020 |
90 |
<.0001 |
>=2 |
2040 |
2330 |
2650 |
2800 |
3010 |
3290 |
4040 |
4370 |
4820 |
5170 |
3380 |
156 |
<.0001 |
Comorbidities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hyperlipidemia |
3540 |
4350 |
4430 |
4990 |
5280 |
6750 |
6350 |
7430 |
8080 |
7930 |
6350 |
133 |
<.0001 |
History of hypertension |
2960 |
3510 |
3850 |
4100 |
4360 |
4520 |
5480 |
5650 |
6180 |
6580 |
4830 |
119 |
<.0001 |
Diabetes Miletus |
2530 |
3770 |
3920 |
4110 |
4440 |
4570 |
5670 |
6110 |
6550 |
7110 |
5000 |
165 |
<.0001 |
Chronic pulmonary disease |
2400 |
3030 |
3220 |
3430 |
3280 |
3600 |
4460 |
5080 |
5760 |
5880 |
4070 |
144 |
<.0001 |
Peripheral vascular disease |
5230 |
5010 |
7930 |
8040 |
6250 |
7980 |
9110 |
10050 |
11100 |
11850 |
8820 |
123 |
<.0001 |
Neurological disorder or paralysis |
1970 |
2410 |
2160 |
2670 |
2790 |
2890 |
3620 |
3470 |
4230 |
5140 |
3160 |
141 |
<.0001 |
Hematological or oncological malignancy |
2520 |
2300 |
3320 |
3440 |
3260 |
4260 |
3980 |
4040 |
4090 |
4850 |
3660 |
86 |
<.0001 |
Anemia |
1690 |
1990 |
2330 |
2780 |
2940 |
3210 |
4170 |
4320 |
4870 |
5400 |
3430 |
219 |
<.0001 |
Obesity |
3080 |
3640 |
4700 |
4890 |
3980 |
5140 |
4380 |
5890 |
6630 |
6940 |
5310 |
108 |
<.0001 |
Coronary artery disease |
7390 |
8120 |
8300 |
9210 |
9350 |
9630 |
11090 |
11660 |
12080 |
13110 |
10330 |
75 |
<.0001 |
History of Previous Myocardial infarction |
7050 |
5930 |
8140 |
10290 |
7660 |
8350 |
11630 |
10860 |
10860 |
12570 |
9730 |
79 |
<.0001 |
History of Previous CABG |
9200 |
6720 |
6970 |
9440 |
11930 |
11750 |
14650 |
14220 |
14850 |
15180 |
12210 |
96 |
<.0001 |
Congestive Heart Failure |
9850 |
10530 |
13190 |
11980 |
11750 |
13640 |
14980 |
15550 |
17870 |
16890 |
14020 |
76 |
<.0001 |
Renal Failure |
4570 |
4690 |
5090 |
5500 |
5360 |
5960 |
7420 |
8030 |
8400 |
8870 |
6530 |
102 |
<.0001 |
Hospital course |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use of Vasopressor |
10640 |
9320 |
12270 |
9640 |
16270 |
15110 |
13180 |
14770 |
17710 |
16590 |
14180 |
69 |
<.0001 |
Cardiac Catheterization |
9310 |
10480 |
11400 |
12110 |
13430 |
12940 |
10780 |
14250 |
14150 |
16050 |
12590 |
56 |
<.0001 |
Endotracheal Intubation |
6840 |
6910 |
8780 |
8350 |
9680 |
9230 |
11000 |
10940 |
12670 |
12750 |
9650 |
89 |
<.0001 |
CPR |
14460 |
14360 |
19390 |
18440 |
16730 |
21120 |
20490 |
26470 |
25220 |
29380 |
20480 |
97 |
<.0001 |
Cardiogenic shock |
28090 |
22160 |
25100 |
28000 |
34320 |
34470 |
36550 |
35400 |
30100 |
37600 |
32900 |
42 |
<.0001 |
Cardiac Arrest |
14020 |
15370 |
18960 |
18620 |
20220 |
20510 |
21620 |
25520 |
26140 |
28650 |
21060 |
97 |
<.0001 |
Median household income category for patient’s zip code |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. 0-25th percentile |
1840 |
2080 |
2170 |
2490 |
2490 |
2740 |
3430 |
3470 |
3850 |
4050 |
2800 |
124 |
<.0001 |
2. 26-50th percentile |
1740 |
2290 |
2360 |
2390 |
2940 |
3140 |
3600 |
3900 |
4300 |
4750 |
3050 |
165 |
<.0001 |
3. 51-75th percentile |
1890 |
2160 |
2540 |
3310 |
3470 |
3300 |
4530 |
4480 |
4830 |
5170 |
3440 |
177 |
<.0001 |
4. 76-100th percentile |
2350 |
2540 |
3130 |
3280 |
3570 |
4190 |
4760 |
4830 |
5640 |
5310 |
3790 |
144 |
<.0001 |
Primary Payer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Medicare / Medicaid |
1900 |
2280 |
2550 |
2670 |
2780 |
3190 |
3750 |
3960 |
4470 |
4760 |
3200 |
149 |
<.0001 |
Private including HMO |
2390 |
2190 |
2750 |
3160 |
3430 |
3370 |
3910 |
3950 |
4240 |
4140 |
3310 |
87 |
<.0001 |
Self-pay/no charge/other |
1020 |
1460 |
1290 |
1590 |
1760 |
1570 |
1830 |
2060 |
2360 |
2810 |
1710 |
143 |
<.0001 |
Admission type |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-elective |
1910 |
2250 |
2460 |
2640 |
2730 |
3080 |
3610 |
3790 |
4270 |
4600 |
3090 |
138 |
<.0001 |
Elective |
1550 |
1310 |
1630 |
2360 |
2610 |
2250 |
3030 |
3120 |
3360 |
3290 |
2380 |
138 |
<.0001 |
Admission day |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weekdays |
1810 |
2120 |
2350 |
2660 |
2670 |
2970 |
3520 |
3670 |
4150 |
4380 |
2980 |
141 |
<.0001 |
Weekend |
2070 |
2210 |
2420 |
2410 |
2900 |
2930 |
3630 |
3860 |
4250 |
4730 |
3100 |
129 |
<.0001 |
Hospital characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hospital bed size |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small |
2110 |
1910 |
1900 |
2360 |
2230 |
2960 |
3170 |
3050 |
3540 |
4050 |
2770 |
98 |
<.0001 |
Medium |
1330 |
2000 |
2470 |
2870 |
2800 |
3000 |
3160 |
3760 |
4260 |
4730 |
3030 |
221 |
<.0001 |
Large |
2040 |
2230 |
2370 |
2560 |
2710 |
2980 |
3730 |
3800 |
4250 |
4430 |
3030 |
125 |
<.0001 |
Hospital teaching status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-teaching |
2000 |
2300 |
2580 |
2900 |
2850 |
3400 |
4100 |
3980 |
3970 |
4650 |
3150 |
127 |
<.0001 |
Teaching |
1780 |
2080 |
2240 |
2490 |
2620 |
2810 |
3320 |
3600 |
4250 |
4410 |
2950 |
148 |
<.0001 |
Discharge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home |
1670 |
1890 |
2040 |
2280 |
2370 |
2550 |
3080 |
3230 |
3650 |
3790 |
2620 |
130 |
<.0001 |
Facility |
2350 |
2990 |
2930 |
3600 |
4100 |
4200 |
5260 |
5570 |
6610 |
7130 |
4420 |
201 |
<.0001 |
Length of Stay during index admission in days (Median, IQR) |
6 (3-11) |
6 (3-11) |
5 (3-10) |
5 (3-10) |
5 (3-9) |
5 (3-10) |
5 (3-9) |
5 (2-9) |
5 (2-9) |
5 (3-10) |
5 (3-10) |
|
0.0483 |
Cost of care (Median, IQR) |
12285 (6446-27184) |
12974 (6502-27557) |
12181 (6117-26158) |
11486 (6107-25911) |
12362 (6029-25850) |
12029
(6210-25024) |
12570 (6396-25312) |
12043 (6274-25683) |
11602
(6111-25629) |
12410 (6410-27253) |
12210 (6248-26167) |
|
0.4019 |