EGR1 |
This transcription factor has been predicted as key factor for
the decidualization of endometrial stromal cells. |
[10] |
Atg16L1 |
This factor is vital for decidualization process,
implantation, and overall mice fertility. This factor might also serve
as potent mediator of successful implantation in women. |
[139] |
WT1 |
During the process of decidualization this transcription factor
up-regulates the expression of VLDLR in human endometrial cells which
enhances their lipid accumulation. |
[140] |
IRS2 |
Progesterone regulated IRS2 expression has been reported critical
for appropriate insulin signaling for regulating the expression of genes
and utilization of glucose that significantly support the process of
decidualization for facilitating pregnancy. |
[137] |
PRL (Prolactin) |
This decidualization marker when expressed prematurely
in luteal phase has been found linked with recurrent implantation
failure. |
[141] |
FIP200 |
This protein serves as an essential agent for fertility,
uterine receptivity, and decidualization suggesting autophagy as a main
cellular pathway needed for uterine receptivity and endometrial stromal
cell decidualization both in humans and mice. The lack of this protein
causes abnormal progesterone signaling that leads to continual
proliferation of uterine epithelium and impairs the process of
decidualization in human endometrial stromal cells. |
[142] |
HB-EGF |
This growth factor has been found greatly expressed in decidua
and uterine luminal epithelium and essential for the implantation of
embryo, decidualization process, and gestation. |
[143-146] |
MSX1 and MSX2 |
These genes act as main mediators of BMP2-induced
decidualization in women as well as mice since the reduced expression of
these genes by little interfering RNAs highly diminishes in-vitro human
stromal cell differentiation. |
[135] |
PKM2 |
Pyruvate kinase M2 has been reported as a critical potential
role-player during the process of decidualization in early gestation. |
[136] |
Thrombin |
Thrombin causes extravasations of leukocytes, inflammation of
endometrium, impairs the decidualization of human endometrial stromal
cells as well as endometrial support during early stage of pregnancy. |
[147] |
CXCL16 |
The CXCL16/CXCR6 axis has been found as a contributor for the
progression of decidualization of endometrial stromal cells via
PI3K/PDK1/AKT/Cyclin D1 pathway activation which suggests the role of
CXCL16 as an initiator of molecular crosstalk at maternal-fetal that
augments the endometrial stromal cell decidualization. |
[148] |
OPG |
OPG interaction with syndecan-1 mediates decidualization of human
endometrial stromal cells by reducing phosphorylation of Akt. OPG
expression has been found significantly lesser in the endometrium of RPL
patients compared to that of with normal pregnancy during the first
trimester. |
[149] |
BMAL1 |
BMAL1 plays a useful role in the process of decidualization
since its down-regulation in RPL causes decidualization impairment and
abnormal invasion of trophoblasts via TIMP3 regulation and as a result
predisposes women for RPL. |
[150] |
CSDC2 |
This protein might serve as a regulatory factor in the
development of decidua. |
[151] |
MEIS1
|
This cofactor of HOXA10 has been found as an essential
agent for human endometrial stromal cell
decidualization.
|
[152]
|
PoFUT1
|
PoFUT1 play a crucial role in the decidualization of
endometrium via regulating Notch 1 O-fucosylation. Moreover, lower
poFUT1 levels have been reported in the uterine endometrial tissue of
women that experienced miscarriage compared to those with early
pregnancy.
|
[138]
|
Annexin A2 |
The defective expression of Annexin A2 has been found
associated with impaired endometrial stromal cell decidualization and
uterine microenvironment both of which are required for promoting
implantation of embryo and placentation. |
[153] |
SMAD1 and SMAD5 |
These transcriptional factors are found required for
the redundantly acting cell surface receptors that via their concerted
action regulate the BMP signaling receptor-complex responsible for the
decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells. |
[8] |
Prokineticin1 |
This factor participates in angiogenesis and regulation
of decidualization and implantation processes. |
[119] |