References
1. Ojodu J, Hulihan MM, Pope SN, Grant AM, Centers for Disease C,
Prevention. Incidence of sickle cell trait–United States, 2010. MMWR
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(49):1155-8.
2. Steinberg MH. Sickle cell anemia, the first molecular disease:
overview of molecular etiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic
approaches. ScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:1295-324.
3. Singhal A, Davies P, Sahota A, Thomas PW, Serjeant GR. Resting
metabolic rate in homozygous sickle cell disease. Am J Clin Nutr.
1993;57(1):32-4.
4. Chawla A, Sprinz PG, Welch J, Heeney M, Usmani N, Pashankar F, et al.
Weight status of children with sickle cell disease. Pediatrics.
2013;131(4):e1168-73.
5. Wang WC, Morales KH, Scher CD, Styles L, Olivieri N, Adams R, et al.
Effect of long-term transfusion on growth in children with sickle cell
anemia: results of the STOP trial. J Pediatr. 2005;147(2):244-7.
6. Wang WC, Helms RW, Lynn HS, Redding-Lallinger R, Gee BE,
Ohene-Frempong K, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on growth in children
with sickle cell anemia: results of the HUG-KIDS Study. J Pediatr.
2002;140(2):225-9.
7. Lanzkron S, Carroll CP, Haywood C, Jr. Mortality rates and age at
death from sickle cell disease: U.S., 1979-2005. Public Health Rep.
2013;128(2):110-6.
8. Adekile AD, Gupta R, Yacoub F, Sinan T, Al-Bloushi M, Haider MZ.
Avascular necrosis of the hip in children with sickle cell disease and
high Hb F: magnetic resonance imaging findings and influence of
alpha-thalassemia trait. Acta Haematol. 2001;105(1):27-31.
9. Pegelow CH, Colangelo L, Steinberg M, Wright EC, Smith J, Phillips G,
et al. Natural history of blood pressure in sickle cell disease: risks
for stroke and death associated with relative hypertension in sickle
cell anemia. Am J Med. 1997;102(2):171-7.
10. Zhou J, Han J, Nutescu EA, Galanter WL, Walton SM, Gordeuk VR, et
al. Similar burden of type 2 diabetes among adult patients with sickle
cell disease relative to African Americans in the U.S. population: a
six-year population-based cohort analysis. Br J Haematol.
2019;185(1):116-27.
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical Growth Charts.
https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/clinical_charts.htm. Accessed
June 10 2017.
12. Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden CL, Grummer-Strawn LM, Flegal KM, Guo SS, Wei
R, et al. CDC growth charts: United States. Adv Data. 2000(314):1-27.
13. Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health supported by
Cooperative Agreement from the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Child and Adolescent Health
Measurement Initiative (CAHMI) 2016-2017 National Survery of Children’s
Health, SPSS Indicator Data Set. www.childhealthdata.org. Accessed
April 15, 2019.
14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data and Statistics on
Sickle Cell Disease
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/data.html. Accessed October
10, 2019
15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Childhood Obesity Facts.
https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html. Accessed June 9,
2019.
16. Rhodes M, Akohoue SA, Shankar SM, Fleming I, Qi An A, Yu C, et al.
Growth patterns in children with sickle cell anemia during puberty.
Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53(4):635-41.
17. Gungor NK. Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. J
Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2014;6(3):129-43.
18. Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Pepe MS, Seidel KD, Dietz WH. Predicting
obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. N Engl J
Med. 1997;337(13):869-73.