Coffee consumption, cups Coffee consumption, cups Coffee consumption, cups Coffee consumption, cups Sleeping, hours Sleeping, hours Sleeping, hours Sleeping, hours Sleeping, hours Smoking, never vs current Smoking, never vs current Smoking, never vs current
Total N=1998 0 N=334 1-2 N=1173 ≥3 N=491
p
<6 N=287 6-8 N=1101 ≥8 N=609
p
Never N=1620 Never N=1620 Current N=368
p
Age, years 54.0 (48-65) 60.0 (54-69) 54.0 (53-67) <0.001 59.0 (54-69) 56.0 (53-67) 60.0 (54-70) 0.012 59.5 (53-69) 59.5 (53-69) 54.0 (53-63) <0.001
Female, n (%) 140 (41.9) 596 (50.1) 245 (49.9) 0.046 149 (51.9) 534 (48.5) 298 (48.9) 0.527 761 (46.9) 761 (46.9) 220 (59.8) <0.001
BMI, kg/m2 BMI ≥30 30.4 (27-35) 166 (49.7) 30.8 (27-34) 627 (53.4) 27.2 (24-31) 148 (30.1) <0.001 <0.001 30.8 (37-34) 161 (56.1) 29.7 (26-33) 508 (46.1) 29.7 (27-33) 272 (44.7) 0.002 0.004 29.9 (27-33) 764 (47.1) 29.9 (27-33) 764 (47.1) 30.1 (26-33) 117 (31.8) 0.389 0.986
WC, cm 104 (95-115) 107 (99-114) 98 (90-107) <0.001 106 (98-114) 104 (95-112) 106 (97-113) 0.124 105 (97-113) 105 (97-113) 103 (93-111) 0.029
Hypertension, n (%) 214 (64.1) 812 (69.2) 274 (55.8) 0.025 166 (57.8) 676 (61.4) 425 (69.8) 0.304 1064 (65.6) 1064 (65.6) 236 (64.1) 0.032
Dyslipidemia, n (%) 192 (57.4) 772 (65.8) 252 (51.3) <0.001 190 (66.2) 638 (57.9) 388 (63.7) 0.017 974 (60.1) 974 (60.1) 242 (65.7) 0.020
DM, n (%) 113 (33.8) 491 (41.8) 123 (25.0) <0.001 152 (52.9) 316 (28.7) 259 (42.5) <0.001 580 (35.8) 580 (35.8) 174 (47.2) <0.001
Glucose, mmol/L 5.7 (5-7) 6.1 (5-8) 5.5 (5-7) <0.001 6.5 (5-8) 5.7 (5-7) 6.0 (5-8) <0.001 5.8 (5-7) 5.8 (5-7) 6.0 (5-8) 0.390
AST, U/L 25 (19-34) 22 (17-28) 22 (17-26) <0.001 23 (18-31) 22 (18-29) 22 (17-28) 0.119 22 (18-29) 22 (18-29) 20 (17-27) <0.001
ALT, U/L 34 (22-61) 26 (20-41) 22 (18-32) <0.001 30 (22-55) 24 (19-37) 27 (20-45) <0.001 26 (20-41) 26 (20-41) 25 (19-43) 0.314
GGT, U/L 54 (28-80) 31 (19-66) 24 (17-44) <0.001 34 (19-66) 31 (20-66) 32 (20-70) 0.260 32 (20-66) 32 (20-66) 31 (18-67) 0.919
Cholesterol, mmol/L 5.2 (4-6) 5.2 (4-6) 5.1 (4-6) 0.827 4.9 (4-5) 5.3 (4-6) 5.0 (4-6) <0.001 5.0 (4-6) 5.0 (4-6) 5.5 (5-7) <0.001
HDL, mmol/L 1.3 (1-1.5) 1.3 (1-1.5) 1.5 (1-1.7) <0.001 1.3 (1-1.5) 1.4 (1-1.6) 1.2 (1-1.4) <0.001 1.3 (1-1.6) 1.3 (1-1.6) 1.4 (1-1.6) 0.467
LDL, mmol/L 2.9 (2-3.9) 2.9 (2-3.8) 2.9 (2-3.6) 0.633 2.7 (2-3.6) 3.0 (2-3.9) 2.8 (2-3.7) 0.002 2.8 (2-3.7) 2.8 (2-3.7) 3.1 (2.4-4) <0.001
TG, mmol/L 1.6 (1-2.2) 1.6 (1-2.3) 1.3 (0.9-2) <0.001 1.6 (1-2.4) 1.5 (1-2.5) 1.6 (1-2.3) <0.001 1.5 (1-2.1) 1.5 (1-2.1) 1.7 (1-2.4) <0.001
HOMA-IR score 3.8 (2-6) 4.5 (3-7) 2.7 (2-4) <0.001 4.6 (2-7) 3.7 (2.6) 4.3 (3-7) <0.001 4.1 (2-6) 4.1 (2-6) 3.7 (2.6) 0.090
Urati, mmol/L 349 (286-407) 342 (284-412) 314 (252-379) <0.001 332 (281-404) 335 (266-405) 342 (285-406) 0.187 339 (279-407) 339 (279-407) 326 (276-392) 0.022
Vitamin D, nmol/L 62.3 (39-84) 59.4 (43-79) 62.4 (42-83) 0.507 60.8 (45-83) 61.5 (43-82) 57.4 (39-77) 0.006 61.5 (43-82) 61.5 (43-82) 55.1 (39-77) 0.029
CRP, mg/L 2.6 (1.3-5) 2.3 (1.2-4) 2.0 (0.9-4) 0.005 2.5 (1.2-4) 2.2 (1-4.2) 2.3 (1-4.8) 0.151 2.3 (1-4) 2.3 (1-4) 2.4 (1-5) 0.446
CAP, dB/m 328 (294-352) 310 (275-345) 224 (210-246) <0.001 308 (273-344) 289 (243-334) 299 (252-336) <0.001 297 (253-338) 297 (253-338) 290 (245-335) 0.292
LSM, kPa 5.4 (4.4-7.0) 5.3 (4.3-6.8) 4.7 (3.7-6.0) <0.001 5.1 (4.3-6.7) 4.9 (4.0-6.3) 5.3 (4.2-7.0) <0.001 5.1 (4.1-6.7) 5.1 (4.1-6.7) 5.1 (4.1-6.4) 0.889