Conclusion
This study proposes a conceptual model linking psychosocial stress during the prenatal and postnatal periods to respiratory problems in children, testing the model with prospective evidence. The supported mechanisms through which perinatal stress exposure contributes to childhood wheeze include LTRI and SSE. These findings represent a step toward better understanding of early-life origins of wheezing though the exact aetiology remains unknown. More precise identification of sources of respiratory health risks in children can inform early preventive efforts targeting women and children at risk during critical periods of development.
Acknowledgements
The authors of this study wish to thank the participating families as well as the gynaecologists, paediatricians, school heads, and class teachers who took part in the project. Our thanks also go to Dr. Lubomír Kukla, Ph.D., ELSPAC national coordinator 1990–2012, and the entire ELSPAC team. The authors of this study (i.e. not the ELSPAC Scientific Council) are responsible for the contents of this publication.
Conflict of Interest
Dr. Stepanikova has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mikes has nothing to disclose. Dr. Thon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Klanova has nothing to disclose.
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