Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is a common tool for assessing
pericardial diseases. Not only anatomical information but ventricular
septal motion inferring constrictive physiology can also be reflected
via MRI[48].
The alterations of CP in the CMR mainly has the following points:
(1)pericardial thickness equal or larger than 4mm; (2)dilatation of the
vena cava and supra-hepatic veins which represents the high pressure of
RA; (3)delayed gadolinium enhancement of the pericardium is associated
with increased fibroblast proliferation and neovascularization, as well
as more prominent chronic inflammation and granulation
tissue[49,50].