1.0 Introduction
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a leading public health problem worldwide.1 The global prevalence is estimated to be between 5% and 15%2,3. The National Kidney Foundation estimates that 20 million Americans have CKD and at least a further 20 million individuals have an increased risk4,5. CKD and its associated complications have a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. The magnitudes of the effect are diverse. Provisional data suggests the occurrence of estimated 850,000 fatalities every year and 15,010,167 disability-adjusted life years6.
In Nigeria, the peak prevalence of CKD is between the third and fifth decade of life, thus contributing to manpower and economic waste7. In a report by Ulasi and Ijoma8, highlighting on the magnitude of CKD in Nigeria with the situation in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu, Southeast Nigeria, they documented that end stage renal disease (ESRD) cases accounted for over 8% of all medical admissions and 42% of renal admissions.