5.0 Conclusion
The prevalence of CKD is high in South East Nigeria as observed in various hospital and community based studies. This review also showed that CKD is associated with age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, herbal remedies, bleaching cream and soap containing mercury. Routine screening of all patients for risk factor for CKD at any contact between the doctor and patient is necessary. The discovery of emerging risk factors has filled a gap in the risk assessment of CKD in Southeastern Nigeria. The early onset of the risk factors among younger adults clearly underlines the need for early screening and intervention, thus help stem the rising tide of CKD