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This single-centre prospective observational cohort study was conducted
at a 30-bed medical-surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Imam Hossein
Medical Center, affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences (SBMU) in Tehran, Iran. This study has been approved by
Institutional Review Boards of SBMU with the ethics committee code of
IR.SBMU.PHARMACY.REC.1398.103.