Conclusion
Our results were encouraging regarding potential solutions for improving
cervical cancer screening uptake. While some barriers such as fear of
cancer diagnosis or longstanding cultural beliefs are difficult to
address, other barriers offer feasible solutions. Younger women may have
less control in their lives regarding transportation and scheduling,
particularly when coordinating with parents, babysitting siblings, or
school schedules. It was remarkable how many small changes, such as
written reminders, pamphlets, or linking screening with other
appointments, were noted to act as facilitators. In addition, multiple
misconceptions about cervical cancer screening still persist, such as
the belief that screening is only required if a patient is experiencing
symptoms. Our studies suggested the effectiveness of awareness campaigns
that are specifically aimed at younger people. Campaigns targeting the
parents of younger girls, particularly mothers, may also be important as
studies noted that parental support was a facilitator for screening.
Through addressing the above barriers and facilitators, health systems
worldwide can hopefully address the much-touted goal of zero preventable
deaths from cervical cancer. Young women who undergo screening are more
likely to continue the practice as a lifelong habit as well as later
recommend the practice to their children and
peers.8-11 As such, every young woman who is screened
offers a chance of strengthening a community around women’s health.
Women who undergo cervical screening are also more likely to later
espouse positive beliefs about the health system, sex-positive beliefs,
and regain empowerment regarding their health.60,61
Our systematic review found that there are three large categories of
barriers for young women: lack of knowledge/awareness, negative
perceptions of the test, and practical barriers to testing. Facilitators
included stronger relationships with healthcare providers, social norms,
support from family, and self-efficacy. Health systems worldwide should
address the above barriers and facilitators to increase cervical cancer
screening rates in young women.
Acknowledgements : None
Disclosure of interests: None to disclose