References
- Keikha M, Esfahani BN. The relationship between tuberculosis and lung
cancer. Adv Biomed Res . 2018;7:58.
- World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2018. World
Health Organization; 2018.
- Tacconelli E, Carrara E, Savoldi A, Harbarth S, Mendelson M, Monnet
DL, Pulcini C, Kahlmeter G, Kluytmans J, Carmeli Y, Ouellette M, et
al. Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: the WHO
priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis.Lancet Infect Dis . 2018;18(3):318-27.
- Zaniani FR, Moghim S, Mirhendi H, Safaei HG, Fazeli H, Salehi M,
Esfahani BN, et al. Genetic Lineages of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis Isolates in Isfahan, Iran. Curr Microbiol .
2017;74(1):14-21.
- Bialvaei AZ, Asgharzadeh M, Aghazadeh M, Nourazarian M, Kafil HS.
Challenges of Tuberculosis in Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol .
2017;10(3).
- Xu JJ, Peer S, Papsin BC, Kitai I, Propst EJ. Tuberculous
lymphadenitis of the head and neck in Canadian children: Experience
from a low-burden region. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol . 2016;
91:11-4.
- Lotfian F, Bolursaz MR, Tabarsi P, Velayati A. Comparison Between
Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Adolescents. Arch
Pediatr Infect Dis . 2017;5(3).
- Karabay OĞ, Kilic S, Gurcan S, Pelitli T, Karadenizli A, Bozkurt H,
Bostanci S; et al. Cervical lymphadenitis: tuberculosis or tularaemia?Clin Microbiol Infect . 2013;19(2):E113-7.
- Oishi M, Okamoto S, Teranishi Y, Yokota C, Takano S, Iguchi H, et al.
Clinical study of extrapulmonary head and neck tuberculosis: a
single-institute 10-year experience. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol .
2016;20(1):30-3.
- Ukekwe FI, Olusina DB, Banjo AA, Akinde OR, Nzegwu MA, Okafor OC,
Ocheni S, et al. Tuberculous Lymphadenitis in South‑Eastern Nigeria; a
15 Years Histopathologic Review (2000‑2014). Ann Med Health Sci
Res . 2016;6(1):44-9.
- Gautam H, Agrawal SK, Verma SK, Singh UB. Cervical tuberculous
lymphadenitis: clinical profile and diagnostic modalities. Int J
Mycobacteriol . 2018;7(3):212.
- Tachibana T, Orita Y, Fujisawa M, Nakada M, Ogawara Y, Matsuyama Y,
Abe I, Sato Y, Uesaka K, Nishizaki K, et al. Factors that make it
difficult to diagnose cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis. J
Infect Chemother . 2013;19(6):1015-20.
- Moualed D, Robinson M, Qureishi A, Gurr P. Cervical tuberculous
lymphadenitis: diagnosis and demographics, a five-year case series in
the UK. Ann R Coll Surg Engl . 2018;100(5):392-6.
- Mittal P, Handa U, Mohan H, Gupta V. Comparative evaluation of fine
needle aspiration cytology, culture, and PCR in diagnosis of
tuberculous lymphadenitis. Diagn Cytopathol . 2011;39:822–6.
- Derese Y, Hailu E, Assefa T, Bekele Y, Mihret A, Aseffa A, et al.
Comparison of PCR with standard culture of fine needle aspiration
samples in the diagnosis of tuberculosis lymphadenitis. J Infect
Dev Ctries . 2012;6:53–7.
- Omura S, Nakaya M, Mori A, Oka M, Ito A, Kida W, Inayoshi Y, Inoue A,
Fuchigami T, Takamori M, et al. A clinical review of 38 cases of
cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis in Japan–The role of neck
dissection. Auris Nasus Larynx . 2016;43(6):672-6.
- Das S, Das D, Bhuyan UT, Saikia N. Head and neck tuberculosis:
scenario in a tertiary care hospital of North Eastern India. Journal
of clinical and diagnostic research: J Clin Diagn Res .
2016;10(1):MC04.
- Marais BJ, Wright CA, Schaaf HS, Gie RP, Hesseling AC, Enarson DA,
Beyers N, et al. Tuberculous lymphadenitis as a cause of persistent
cervical lymphadenopathy in children from a tuberculosis-endemic area.Pediatr Infect Dis J . 2006;25(2):142-6.
- Katila ML, Brander E, Backman A. Neonatal BCG vaccination and
mycobacterial cervical adenitis in childhood. Tubercle .
1987;68(4):291-6.
- Ogundipe T, Otolorin A, Ogundipe F, Sran G, Abbas G, Filani O, et al.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis lymphadenitis as the initial
presentation of secondary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a case
report. Cureus . 2018;10(3).
- Datta S, Bhattacherjee S. Primary multi drug resistant extra-pulmonary
tuberculosis presenting as cervical lymphadenitis. J Glob Infect
Dis . 2014;6(2):91.
- Mirsaeidi SM, Tabarsi P, Edrissian MO, Amiri M, Farnia P, Mansouri SD,
Masjedi MR, Velayati AA, et al. Primary multi-drug resistant
tuberculosis presented as lymphadenitis in a patient without HIV
infection. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis . 2004;61(4).
- Kant S, Saheer S, Hassan G, Parengal J. Extra-pulmonary primary
multidrug-resistant tubercular lymphadenitis in an HIV negative
patient. BMJ Case Rep . 2012;2012. pii: bcr0620114337.
- Mittal N, Bansal P. Multidrug resistant extrapulmonary tuberculosis –
three case reports and review of literature. Intern Med Inside .
2014;2:2.
- Pablos-Méndez A, Raviglione MC, Laszlo A. Global surveillance for
antituberculosis-drug resistance, 1994-1997. World Health
OrganizationInternational Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Working Group on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance.N Engl J Med . 1998; 338:1641-9.
- Nasiri MJ, Rezaei F, Zamani S, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Fooladi AA,
Shojaei H, Feizabadi MM, et al. Drug resistance pattern of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients of five provinces of
Iran. Asian Pac J Trop Med . 2014;7(3):193-6.
- Bahrmand AR, Titov LP, Tasbiti AH, Yari S, Graviss EA. High-level
rifampin resistance correlates with multiple mutations in the rpoB
gene of pulmonary tuberculosis isolates from the Afghanistan border of
Iran. J Clin Microbiol . 2009;47(9):2744-50.
- Shamaei M, Marjani M, Chitsaz E, Kazempour M, Esmaeili M, Farnia P,
Tabarsi P, Amiri MV, Mirsaeidi M, Mansouri D, Masjedi MR, et al.
First-line anti-tuberculosis drug resistance patterns and trends at
the national TB referral center in Iran—eight years of surveillance.Int J Infect Dis . 2009;13(5):e236-40.
- Brown HM, Abbitt PL, Wilkinson EJ. Diagnosis of clinically unsuspected
extrapulmonary tuberculosis by fine needle aspiration: a case report.Acta Cytologica . 2001;45(6):1032-6.
- Ormerod LP. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): epidemiology,
prevention and treatment. Br Med Bull . 2005;73(1):17-24.
- harma SK, Mohan A, Gupta R, Kumar A, Gupta AK, Singhal VK and Pande
JN, et al. Clinical presentation of tuberculosis in patients with
AIDS: An Indian experience. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci.1997;39:213-20.
- Tarashi S, Fateh A, Jamnani FR, Siadat SD, Vaziri F. Prevalence of
Beijing and Haarlem genotypes among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium
tuberculosis in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis.Tuberculosis . 2017;107:31-7.
- Farnia P, Masjedi MR, Mirsaeidi M, Mohammadi F, Vincent V, Bahadori M,
Velayati AA, et al. Prevalence of Haarlem I and Beijing types of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Iranian and Afghan MDR-TB
patients. J Infect . 2006;53(5):331-6.
- Newberry DM, Bell TR. Congenital Tuberculosis: A New Concern in the
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Adv Neonat Care .
2018;18(5):341-9.
- Hamadeh MA, Glassroth J. Tuberculosis and pregnancy. Chest .
1992;101(4):1114-20.
- Ormerod P. Tuberculosis in pregnancy and the puerperium.Thorax . 2001;56(6):494-9.
- Cantwell MF, Shehab ZM, Costello AM, Sands L, Green WF, Ewing Jr EP,
Valway SE, Onorato IM, et al. Congenital tuberculosis. New Engl
J Med . 1994;330(15):1051-4.
- Li RL, Wang JL, Wang XF, Wang MS. Tuberculosis in infants: a
retrospective study in China. SpringerPlus . 2016;5(1):546.
- Shah I, Poojari V, Meshram H. Multi-Drug Resistant and
Extensively-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis. Indian J Pediatr . 2020
Feb 26:1-7.
- Khazaei S, Rezaeian S. Challenges of achieving tuberculosis
elimination by 2050: A need for more attention in the TB control
program in Iran. Iran J Public Health . 2017;46(5):717-8.
- Elder NC. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a review. Arch Fam Med .
1992;1(1):91.
- Mittal N, Bansal P. Multidrug resistant extrapulmonary tuberculosis –
three case reports and review of literature. Intern Med Inside .
2014;2:2.
- Lee KC, Tami TA, Lalwani AK, Schecter G. Contemporary management of
cervical tuberculosis. Laryngoscope . 1992;102(1):60-4.
- Deveci HS, Kule M, Kule ZA, Habesoglu TE. Diagnostic challenges in
cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis: A review. North Clin
Istanb . 2016;3(2):150.
- Azarkar Z, Arbabi A. Comparison of PPD test in household contacts of
smear-positive and-negative tuberculosis (TB). Int J
Mycobacteriol . 2015;4:95.
- Gupta SK, Chugh TD, Sheikh ZA, al-Rubah NA. Cytodiagnosis of
tuberculous lymphadenitis. A correlative study with microbiologic
examination. Acta Cytol . 1993;37:329–32.
- Dayal R, Agarwal D, Pathak H, Feroz S, Kumar M, Chauhan DS, Bhatia R,
et al. PCR targeting IS6110 in diagnosing tuberculosis in children in
comparison to MGIT culture. Indian J Tuberc . 2016;63(3):154-7.
- Baek CH, Kim SI, Ko YH, Chu KC. Polymerase chain reaction detection of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis from fine-needle aspirate for the diagnosis
of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis. Laryngoscope .
2000;110:30–4.
- Chiesa Estomba CM, Betances Reinoso FA, Rivera Schmitz T, Ossa
Echeverri CC, González Cortés MJ, Santidrian Hidalgo C, et al. Head
and neck tuberculosis: 6-year retrospective study. Acta
Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2016;67:9–14.