Materials and methods
In this study, we focus on Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan and
come under Federally Administered Capital Territory. Islamabad was
planned as capital city of the country, in the 1960s to replace Karachi.
It is located in the northeastern part of the country, between 33º 49´
North latitude and 72° 24´ East longitude, at the crossroads of Punjab
and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces with the Margalla pass as the gateway
between the two regions. The total area of Islamabad is 906 square
kilometers including diverse geographic features and land cover.
Islamabad lies at an altitude range of 457-610m. The monsoon and western
disturbance are the two main factors that change the weather over the
Islamabad, according to Koppen climate classification system
Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate. The average monsoon rainfall
of Islamabad is 790.9 mm, June is the hottest moth, where average
temperate is 38 °C. The map of study area shown in Fig.1.