RCT selection
The study selection process is depicted in Figure 1 . Finally,
seven independent, double-blind, randomized, controlled trials (a total
of 762 patients) were included in the current meta-analysis14,15,19-23. All the seven trials were of high quality
with modified Jadad scoresā„ 4. The seven trials are multi-center
clinical trials, among which 3 of them14,19,21 are
transnational multicenter trials. The category of GKA is different among
the 7 trials, including MK-094114,
AZD165619, LY259950620,
PF-0493731921, RO438962022,
HMS555223, and TTP39915. In
addition, all these 7 studies use identification of HbA1c as a criterion
for patient inclusion, and the absence of glutamic acid decarboxylation
antibody at admission is used to exclude patients with type 1 diabetes.
All 7 trials are placebo-controlled. The details of the included studies
are summarized in Table 1 . Details of the modified Jadad scale
for each study are provided in Supplementary Table 2.