3.1 Baseline characteristics of observed and simulated
patients
Table 1 and Table S3 outline the baseline characteristics of observed
and simulated patients in the four studies. The average age of these
four studies were all above 70, with the highest mean age of 71.95 in
ROCKET AF and the lowest mean age of 71.5 in XANTUS. The proportion of
each comorbidity varied from different studies. A larger proportion of
54.9% rivaroxaban patients with prior stroke/TIA were included in
ROCKET AF compared with the three observational studies. Meanwhile, the
proportion of patients with heart failure (HF), hypertension, or
diabetes mellitus (DM) was also higher
in ROCKET AF. Therefore, the mean
CHADS2 score was 3.48 ± 0.94 in ROCKET AF, which was
much higher than that in the three observational studies, indicating the
higher stroke risk of patients in ROCKET AF.