5 | CONCLUSIONS
Through field investigations of 4 clean energy projects, it is found
that, during the construction process, land degradation, threatening the
safety and ecological degradation occurs widely in China.
The number of productive and
constructive projects involving soil erosion was 42.67 ×
104 from 2003 to 2018, correspondingly their scope of
soil erosion prevention and control responsibility was 23.22 ×
104 km2, almost the same area of the
UK (24.3× 104 km2). Confliction
between economic development and environmental protection is very strong
in China from mountainous regions to urban regions. So,
some policy suggestions are
proposed as follows:
(1) The degree of soil erosion should be classified according to the
amount of soil erosion and the corresponding economic loss to guarantee
enough investment for the water and soil conservation projects. (2) The
economic loss of soil erosion should be predicted in the soil and water
conservation plan to help decision-makers make decisions that are more
environmentally friendly. (3) It is necessary to ensure the protection
measures and enough funds of the ecological environment before
constructive engineering can be constructed. (4) It is necessary to
change the old idea – pollute first, clean up later – to truly ensure
that soil and water conservation facilities must be designed,
constructed, and commissioned simultaneously with the main project. (5)
Soil and water conservation monitoring and the principal part of the
project must be carried out at the same time to ensure the timely
implementation of soil and water conservation engineering measures. (6)
An exclusion zone is also needed in an ecologically fragile area, which
prevents any human activity from aggravating the environmental disaster.
(7) Public awareness of soil erosion prevention should be improved,
which is considered as an important factor for fundamentally controlling
environmental issues caused by productive and constructive engineering.
The ecological and environmental problems caused by the clean energy
projects and their causes, as well as the prevention and treatment
policy suggestions can provide reference and guidance for the future
clean energy projects and other construction projects in China or other
countries, to prevent the common occurrence of similar problems in the
future development projects.