Davey Smith et al. 1997
|
Record linkage study
|
Scotland
|
15 years
|
794 married couples from the west of Scotland
|
CVD mortality
|
For 1 kg decrease in offspring BW,
HR = 2.0 (95% CI, 1.18, 3.33)
For 1 quartile increase in offspring BW,
HR = 0.83 (95% CI, 0.68, 1.02)
Adjusted for offspring sex, parental age
Adjustment for blood pressure, cholesterol, body mass index, smoking,
social class, area deprivation, lung function, bronchitis, angina and
ECG evidence of CHD at baseline had only modest effects on the point
estimates but reduced the statistical significance
|
Davey Smith et al. 2000
|
Record linkage study
|
UK
|
10 years
|
Information from birth registrations of infants during 1976-97 is linked
to data from the census and death registration.
Data from 44,813 women aged 15-45 years at birth registration.
|
CVD mortality
|
For 1kg decrease in offspring BW
HR = 2.22 (95% CI, 1.46, 3.38)
(adjusted for maternal age SES and marital status).
|
Davey Smith et al. 2000
|
Record linkage study
|
Finland
|
34 years
|
3706 women who gave birth to live born singletons between 1954 – 1963
and followed up through the Finnish Central population and cause of
death registries
|
CVD mortality
|
For 1SD increase in offspring BW
HR = 0.77 (95% CI, 0.65, 0.90)
Adjusted for maternal age, height, marital status, use of private health
care during pregnancy, use of hormones during pregnancy and offspring
sex
|
Smith et al. 2001
|
Record linkage study
|
Scotland
|
N/A
|
Routine discharge data of all singleton births in Scotland between
1981-1985 linked to mothers’ subsequent admissions and deaths at 15-19
years follow up (129, 920 women)
|
CHD mortality
|
For CHD mortality comparing the lowest fifth of offspring BW with the
highest four fifth:
HR = 2.8 (95% CI, 1.5, 5.2)
Adjusted for maternal age, height, social class and preeclampsia and
offspring sex and pre term birth
HR = 2.4 (95% CI, 1.3, 4.4)
|
Davey Smith et al. 2005
|
Record linkage study
|
Sweden
|
Average 20.4 years
|
Data from the Swedish Medical Birth register for all 783,814 children
born in Sweden between 1973 - 1980 were linked with parents’ death
records (783,340 women)
|
CVD mortality
CHD mortality
|
For 1SD (0.53kg) increase in offspring BW,
Gestational age adjusted CVD mortality,
HR = 0.75 (0.70 – 0.80)
Gestational age adjusted CHD mortality,
HR = 0.72 (0.65 – 0.80)
|
Davey Smith et al. 2007
|
Record linkage study
|
UK
|
26.2-27.5
|
12,086 women from the 1958 British Birth Cohort
|
CHD mortality
|
CHD mortality
For a 1-SD increase in BW; HR = 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.87)
After adjustment for: birth year, offspring gestational age, social
class in 1958, maternal parity, preeclamptic pregnancy, maternal height
and BMI in 1958, maternal smoking during pregnancy
HR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.91)
|
Li et al. 2010
|
Record linkage
|
Taiwan
|
30 years
|
Linkage of data of 1,400,383 women with singleton births recorded in the
Taiwan Birth Registry between 1978-2006 with mortality data recorded in
the Taiwan Death Registry
|
CVD mortality
|
CVD mortality for:
(a)1 SD increase in offspring BW:
HRa = 0.89 (95% CI, 0.85, 0.94)
(b)Offspring BW<2500g
HR = 1.93 (95% CI, 1.65, 2.27)
HRa = 1.85 (95% CI, 1.57, 2.18)
(c) SGA Offspring
HR = 1.38 (95% CI, 1.19, 1.59)
HRa = 1.31 (95% CI, 1.13, 1.52)
aAdjusted for gestational age, year of offspring
birth, urbanization of residential area and parental ages, education
levels, employment status, marital status at the time of offspring
birth
|
Pariente et al. 2013
|
Record linkage study
|
Israel
|
N/A
|
Perinatal database of women who delivered between Jan 1988-Dec 1998 was
linked with hospitalization data collected up until 31 Dec 2010.
SGA was defined as BW below the 10th population
centile
Risk for mortality due to CVD among those who delivered SGA infants
(n=4414) was compared with those who delivered non-SGA infants
(n=47612)
|
CVD mortality
|
After adjusting for diabetes, preeclampsia obesity, maternal age, and
ethnicity, SGA was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality
(adjusted HR 3.5, 95% CI, 1.5-8.2
|
Ngo et al. 2015
|
Record linkage
|
Australia
|
Median 7.4 years
|
Linkage of data of 812,732 women using four databases: Perinatal data
collection (birth data), admitted patient data collection (hospital
data), registrar of births, deaths and marriages (death data),
Australian Bureau of Statistics (cause of death data)
|
CVD occurence
|
Compared to women of non-SGA infants, first occurrence of CVD among
women of
(a) Moderate SGA infants (3rd -10th
percentile)
HRa = 1.36 (95% CI, 1.23, 1.49)
(b)Severe SGA infants (<3rd percentile)
HRa = 1.66 (95% CI, 1.47, 1.87)
(c) One SGA infant
HRa = 1.42 (95% CI, 1.30, 1.54)
(d) Two SGA infants
HRa = 1.65 (95% CI, 1.34, 2.03)
(e) ≥ three SGA infants
HRa = 2.42 (95% CI, 1.52, 3.85)
aAdjusted for maternal age at index birth, parity,
country of birth, socioeconomic status, chronic and pregnancy
hypertension, pre-gestational and gestational diabetes, maternal smoking
during pregnancy
|
Shaikh et al. 2019
|
Record linkage study
|
Norway
|
Mean follow up time 47 ± 5 years
Mean age at follow up 55 ± 10.4 years
|
Linkage of data from cardiovascular health surveys, the medical birth
registry, the cause of death registry, the educational registry and a
multigenerational database containing information on familial
relationships for the whole population of Norway. Offspring born between
1967-2012 were included
|
CVD mortality
|
(a) CVD mortality for 1 SD increase in offspring BW
(b) CVD mortality in women who had SGA vs AGA offspring
Model 1: adjusted for maternal age at offspring birth
(a) HR = 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69, 0.75)
(b) HR = 2.02 (95% CI, 1.85, 2.21)
Model 2: adjusted for model 1 + offspring year of birth, mother’s
parity, mother’s diseases before and during pregnancy, diseases in
offspring
(a) HR = 0.74 (95% CI, 0.71, 0.78)
(b) HR = 1.87 (95% CI, 1.71, 2.05)
Model 3: adjusted for model 1+2 + parental marital status, educational
level in parents
(a) HR = 0.77 (95% CI, 0.74, 0.80)
(b) HR = 1.74 (95% CI, 1.59, 1.91)
|