Results
Our analysis dataset consisted of 145,936 registrations from 15 EUROCAT
registries in 13 European countries covering an 18-year period (1995 to
2012) and included 100,702 cases, 23,467 non-genetic controls and 19,060
genetic controls (Table 2). A total of 2,707 registrations with CA
subgroups related to that of cases were excluded from the analysis
(Figure 2).
During the first trimester, a total of 3,440 (2.36%) women were exposed
to at least one antibiotic (See Supplementary Table S2). First trimester
infection was reported for 2,499 (1.71%) women of whom only 14.77% had
a record of first trimester antibiotic exposure.
Cases significantly differed from both control groups with respect to
registry and maternal age (Table 2). Cases and controls also differed by
type of birth, since the proportion of TOPFA varies by type of anomaly.