Routine Postoperative Care
We transferred all the preterms back to the neonatal intensive care unit. Fentanyl infusion was commenced. Epinephrine infusion was gradually decreased and stopped according to the mean arterial pressure (MAP). MAP of less than that for corrected gestational age was defined as hypotension. One hour after the procedure all preterms had a chest x-ray to exclude possible hemothorax or pneumothorax.