Analysis of tocopherols
A Shimadzu Prominence-I LC-2030A high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), equipped with a photodiode array detector (scanning 200-500 nm, set wavelength for data collection and quantitation at 295 nm) and fluorescence detector (excitation 292 nm, emission at 344 nm) in series was used to analyze tocopherols in oils as described by (Winkler-Moser et al., 2023). Tocopherols were identified by retention time of commercial standards, and peak confirmation with a photodiode array detector scanning between 200-500 nm. Quantitation was conducted with external standard curves using the fluorescence detector. Analysis was conducted in duplicate.