Age, years |
46 (36-56) |
44 (32.5-56) |
46 (36-56) |
0.174 |
Gender, n (%)
Female
Male
|
215 (34.6)
406 (65.4)
|
49(22.8)
76 (18.7)
|
166 (77.2)
330 (81.3)
|
0.229*
|
BMI, kg/m2
|
26.0 (24.0-28.6) |
25.5 (23.5-27.5) |
26.3 (24.2-29) |
0.018 |
Side
Left
Right
|
334 (53.8)
287 (46.2)
|
64 (19.2)
61 (21.3)
|
270 (80.8)
226 (78.7)
|
0.517*
|
ASA category, n (%)
ASA I
ASA II
ASA ≥ III
|
266 (42.8)
318 (51.2)
37 (6.0)
|
46 (17.3)
71 (22.3)
8 (21.6)
|
220 (82.7)
247 (77.7)
29 (78.4)
|
0.311*
|
Previous history of ESWL, n (%) |
191 (30.8) |
34 (27.2) |
157 (31.7) |
0.335* |
Preoperative stent, n (%) |
135 (21.7) |
33 (26.4) |
102 (20.6) |
0.102* |
Preoperative hydronephrosis, n(%)
Grade 0
Grade 1-2
Grade 3-4
|
126 (20.3)
362 (58.3)
133 (21.4)
|
27 (21.4)
65 (18.0)
33 (24.8)
|
199 (78.6)
297 (82.0)
100 (75.2)
|
0.222*
|
Stone location, n (%)† |
|
|
|
0.001* |
Lower pole
Middle pole
Upper pole
Pelvis
Middle ureter
Proximal ureter
Multi-calyceal
Ureter + Kidney
|
111 (17.9)
58 (9.3)
20 (3.2)
223 (35.9)
38 (6.1)
68 (11.0)
81 (13.0)
22 (3.5)
|
32 (28.8) a,b
11 (19.0) a,b,c,d
4 (20.0) a,b,c,d
27 (12.1) b,d
4 (10.5) a,b,c,d
6 (8.8) c,d
27 (33.3) a
6 (27.3) a,b,c,d
|
79 (71.2) a,b
47 (81.0) a,b,c,d
16 (80.0) a,b,c,d
196 (87.9) b,d
34 (89.5) a,b,c,d
62 (91.2) c,d
54 (66.7) a
16 (72.7) a,b,c,d
|
|
Stone location by T.O.HO., n (%)†
Lower pole
Middle pole
Upper pole
Proximal ureter (U1)
Middle ureter (U2)
|
194 (31.2)
287 (46.2)
34 (5.5)
68 (11.0)
38 (6.1)
|
58 (29.9) a
51 (17.8) b
6 (17.6) a,b
6 (8.8) b
4 (10.5) b
|
136 (70.1) a
236 (82.2) b
28 (82.4) a,b
62 (91.2) b
34 (89.5) b
|
<0.001*
|
Stone number
Single
Multiple
|
512 (82.4)
109 (17.6)
|
88 (17.2)
37 (33.9)
|
424 (82.8)
72 (66.1)
|
<0.001&
|
Stone density, HU |
897 (592-1230) |
1050 (665-1313) |
851 (572.5-1200) |
0.006 |
Stone length, mm |
16 (12-22.5) |
25 (15.5-32) |
15 (12-20) |
<0.001 |
Stone area, mm2
|
126 (77-204) |
342 (141-573) |
110
(66-175) |
<0.001 |
Operation time, min |
75 (60-99) |
100 (80.5-120) |
70 (60-90) |
<0.001 |
Length of hospital stay, days |
1 (1-2) |
2 (1-3) |
1 (1-2) |
<0.001 |
Complication rates, n(%) |
66 (10.6) |
21 (16.8) |
45 (9.1) |
<0.019** |
Complication grades, n(%) |
|
|
|
0.038* |
Grade 1-2 |
58 (9.3) |
19 (15.2) |
39 (7.9) |
|
Grade 3-4 |
8 (1.3) |
2 (1.6) |
6 (1.2) |
|
T.O.HO. score |
7 (6-8) |
8 (7-9.5) |
7 (6-8) |
<0.001 |
STONE score
Modified T.O.HO. score
|
10 (9-11)
6 (5-7)
|
11 (10-12)
8 (7-9)
|
10 (9-11)
6 (5-7)
|
<0.001
<0.001
|