Method:
This is an ancillary study to the multicenter randomized controlled
trial TRAMONTANE 2, that included 286 infants of less than 6 months with
moderate-to-severe AVB. Collection of physiological variables at
baseline (H0), and 1 hour after HFNC (H1), included heart rate (HR),
respiratory rate (RR), fraction of inspired oxygen
(FiO2), respiratory distress score (mWCAS), and pain and
discomfort scale (EDIN). ROX was calculated as
SpO2/FiO2 to RR. Predefined HFNC failure
criteria included increase in respiratory distress score or respiratory
rate, increase in discomfort, and severe apnea episodes. The accuracy of
ROX index to predict HFNC failure was assessed using receiver operating
curve analysis.