Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy
Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in the operating room with using Olympus CV-190 with CLV -190 EVIS EXERA III (Olympus, New Hyde Park, NY, USA). In patients with suspected laryngomalacia, primarily upper airway was evaluated. Deep sedation was achieved with combination of ketamine and propofol following routine monitoring. Spontaneous breathing was maintained under oxygen support and respiratory support was provided with a face mask, if needed. After evaluating upper airway, general anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation was achieved with laryngeal mask airway and total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol without neuromuscular agent. While the bronchoscope with an outer diameter of 3.8 mm was used in patients whose body weights were ≤15 kg, the bronchoscope with an outer diameter of 4.8 mm was used in heavier patients. During the procedure, 0.5-1 ml %2 lidocaine with saline solution was given at the level of the vocal cord and the main carina. Video images of all patients were recorded.