Study inclusion criteria and readmission analyses:
Using NRD from first six months of 2016 and 2017 (January to June), we included adult patients (age ≥18 years) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition, Clinical Modification and were discharged alive (See Supplementary table). We excluded patients with prior pacemaker status. The patients were followed up for total for 6 months after their index hospitalization and divided into two groups based on if they received a pacemaker during their follow up (Figure 1). For patients who had multiple admissions in the follow-up period, the first admission for pacemaker implantation post discharge was considered.