Figure 1. The transplant design. Genotypes were sourced from 17 populations from across western North America and replicated three times each in two common gardens located in Clatskanie and Corvallis. In the winter of 2013-2014, one replicate in Clatskanie and all three replicates in Corvallis were coppiced aboveground and allowed to regrow (shown as small trees). Sample tissues collected in January 2017 are reflected by the purple ovals with the subsequent number of samples taken of each tissue from each garden indicated.

Figure 2. (A) A principle components analysis (PCA) of the climate over the past 38 years at each of the genotype’s source locations and the two common gardens. Dots represent each genotype’s source location in climate space, colored by latitude, and the two black triangles represent the common gardens in the climate space. (B-E) The average minimum and maximum temperatures over the past 38 years in Clatskanie and Corvallis (boxplots) as compared to the minimum and maximum temperatures in the year we collected samples (2017, black lines). Samples were collected in (B,D) Clatskanie on January 5^th – January 9^th and in (C,E) Corvallis on January 10^th- January 11^th. Data is sourced from Daymet (Thornton et al., 2018). The minimum range of temperatures in which starch formation/degradation can act is highlighted in light gray.

Figure 3. Plasticity between the two common gardens in the two traits measured, (A) total NSC stores (TNC) and (B) the proportion of TNC in starch. Black lines represent the average value across all genotypes, with error bars indicating one standard deviation from the mean. The other lines are colored by latitude and each line represents a genotype, where genotypic values were estimated using equation (1). These plots represent just the genetic , not total , variation measured in our samples, thus are the estimates for genotype once measurement and microenvironmental variation are removed.

Figure 4. The relative distance plasticity index (RDPI) of the (A) proportion of starch to total and (B) total amount of NSC stores plotted by the latitude of each genotype’s source location. Black dots represent each genotype’s RDPI and the line fits are shaded gray for one standard deviation. A larger RDPI indicates that there is a larger percent change in genotypic trait values between gardens.

Figure 5. (A) Genetic variation in diameter at breast height (DBH) as compared to (B) genetic variation in total nonstructural carbohydrates as measured at each common garden.