Subjective voice assessment
Vocal outcomes were evaluated using the Mandarin Chinese versionĀ of the
Voice Handicap Index-30 (VHI-30) questionnaire. It is a self-evaluation
form adapted from the American Speech Language Hearing Association
[14] that has 30 questions in 3 domains (functional, physical, and
emotional). This form was translated and validated in Mandarin Chinese
[15]. The possible response to each of the 30 questions is: never (0
points), almost never (1 point), sometimes (2 points), almost always (3
points), and always (4 points). A total score of 10 or less was
considered normal, and a score higher than 10 indicated a poor
voice-related outcome.