Total population Males Females P value
N = 4734 N = 3222 N = 1512
Age (years) 60 ± 10 58.7 ± 10.1 63.3 ± 8.7 < 0.0001
Males (%) 71 - -
Paroxysmal AF (%) 65 63.1 68.7 < 0.0001
Body weight (kg) 90.7 ± 16.6 95.6 ± 14.8 80.4 ± 15.4 < 0.0001
Body height (cm) 176.4 ± 9.6 180.9 ± 7.3 166.8 ± 6.4 < 0.0001
Body mass index (kg/m2) 29.1 ± 4.6 29.2 ± 4.2 28.9 ± 5.3 0.02
Body surface area (m2) 2.07 ± 0.22 2.16 ± 0.18 1.89 ± 0.18 < 0.0001
CHA2DS2-VASc score 1.8 ± 1.4 1.4 ± 1.2 2.6 ± 1.2 < 0.0001
LV ejection fraction (%) 56 ± 8 55.7 ± 8.2 57.4 ± 6.5 < 0.0001
Left atrial diameter (mm) 42.5 ± 5.6 43.4 ± 5.5 40.6 ± 5.5 < 0.0001
Hypertension (%) 60.6 58.5 64.9 < 0.0001
Heart failure (%) 16.5 18.0 13.3 < 0.0001
Diabetes mellitus (%) 12.3 12.5 11.9 0.53
Previous stroke/TIA (%) 6.1 5.6 7.2 0.03
CAD (%) 8.6 9.6 6.3 < 0.0001
eGFR (CKD-EPI, ml/min) 76.9±17.3 79.6±16.5 71.1±17.5 < 0.0001
Procedure time (min) 216 ± 71 218 ± 72 210 ± 68 < 0.0001
Radiofrequency time (min) 44.2 ± 21.6 45.5 ± 22.2 41.4 ± 19.8 < 0.0001
Substrate ablation (%) 39.2 37.9 42.0 0.007
CTI ablation (%) 22.1 22.0 22.2 0.83
Repeated ablation (%) 26.8 27.3 25.8 0.29
Robotic ablation (%) 9.1 9.7 8.0 0.07
Noninterrupted OAC (%) 56.0 54.8 58.5 0.02
“Z” stitch (%) 46.9 45.9 48.9 0.05
US-guided venipuncture (%) 26.0 25.5 27.0 0.28