3.4 BNP as a Risk-Stratification Biomarker
The five cardiac markers were measured on the first day of admission.
Notably, the median value of BNP was significantly higher in
non-survivors than in survivors for those with pre-existing CAD (911.3
pg/mL vs. 57.9 pg/mL) and those without (121 pg/mL vs. 0.01 pg/mL). The
median levels of hs-TNI, α-HBDH, and LDH were significantly higher in
non-survivors than in survivors in patients without pre-existing CAD;
however, a significant difference was not observed in patients with
pre-existing CAD (Figure S2 ).
In non-survivors with pre-existing CAD, the median levels of BNP and
hs-TNI within the first week showed a higher fold change (BNP: 5.8;
hs-TNI: 7.5; α-HBDH: 1.9; CK-MB: 0.81; LDH: 1.7) from the upper
reference limit of each marker (Figure 5a ). In non-survivors
without pre-existing CAD, the fold change for BNP, hs-TNI, α-HBDH:1.9,
CK-MB, LDH was 1.4, 1.7, 2, 0.78, and 1.9, respectively (Figure
5b ). The serum level differences for the five markers within a week
after admission in patients with or without pre-existing CAD showed that
BNP, α-HBDH, and LDH values were significantly higher in non-survivors
than in survivors regardless of pre-existing CAD. Levels of hs-TNI were
significantly higher only in non-survivors than in survivors for
patients without pre-existing CAD. Although CK-MB and BNP levels were
significantly different between non-survivors and survivors, most data
for non-survivors were within normal levels (Figure 5c and
Figure 5d ). The change of BNP levels was the same as those mentioned
above during hospitalization (Figure S3 ).