Adequate nasal breathing is indispensable for athletes and nasal
symptoms have been shown to inter-fere with their subjective feeling of
comfortable breathing and quality of life. Nasal symptoms are caused by
either structural abnormalities or mucosal pathology. Structural
pathologies are managed differently from mucosal disease and therefore
adequate diagnosis is of utmost importance in athletes in order to
choose the correct treatment option for the individual. Literature
suggests that nasal symp-toms are more prevalent in athletes compared to
the general population and certain sport environments might even trigger
the development of symptoms. Given the high demands of respiratory
function in athletes, insight into triggering factors is of high
importance for disease prevention. Also, it has been suggested that
athletes are more neglectful to their symptoms and hence remain
undertreated, meaning that special attention should be paid to education
of athletes and their caregivers. This review aims at giving an overview
of nasal physiology in exercise as well as the possible types of nasal
pathology. Additionally, diagnostic and treatment options are discussed
and we focus on un-met needs for the management and prevention of these
symptoms in athletes within the concept of precision medicine.